Research Article

Frontal Lobe Atrophy in Depression after Stroke

Table 1

Univariate and multivariate analyses of the clinical and radiological determinants of DAS.

DASNo DAS value
Mean ± SDMean ± SD

85620
Age 66.9 ± 11.666.2 ± 11.60.632
Female 50 (58.8)238 (38.4)<0.001
Education (years)4.4 ± 4.75.7 ± 4.70.005
Previous stroke 23 (27.1)123 (19.8)0.123
NIHSS during index admission5.1 ± 3.54.4 ± 3.40.029
MMSE 24.8 ± 3.626.1 ± 3.20.002
LSNS 25.5 ± 8.430.4 ± 8.2<0.001
MLES2.3 ± 1.21.7 ± 0.8<0.001
Past history of depression14 (16.5)7 (1.1)<0.001
Severe brain atrophy
 Frontal lobe 12 (14.1)35 (5.6)0.003
 Temporal lobe 6 (7.1)76 (12.3)0.161
 Parietal lobe 14 (16.5)97 (15.6)0.845
 Occipital lobe13 (15.3)95 (15.3)1.000
Periventricular hyperintensities1.2 ± 0.81.3 ± 0.90.653
Deep white matter hyperintensities1.1 ± 0.91.1 ± 0.80.726
Number of acute infarcts1.0 ± 1.41.3 ± 1.10.131
Acute infarct volume (mm3) 2.4 ± 5.22.9 ± 9.10.772

NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; LSNS: Lubben Social Network Scale; MLES: Modified Life Event Scale; SD: standard deviation.
*In comparison to the DAS group by means of Mann-Whitney test unless otherwise specified.
In comparison to the DAS group by means of -test.
In comparison to the DAS group by means of Chi-square test.