|
Study
Year | Age (SD) years | Time since stroke (SD) | Number of participants
(male : female) | Disability scale
Score (SD) | Referenced ATS standards
Protocol described
Reporting score | Distance achieved (SD) meters |
|
Ada et al.
[15] 2003 | I = 66 (11)
C = 66 (11) | Months
I = 28 (17)
C = 26 (20) | 27
19 : 08 | SA-SIP
I = 12.1 (5.5)
C = 15.2 (5.2) | ATS = NR (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 296 (96)
C = 257 (113) |
|
*Allet et al.
[16] 2009 | 67.56 (9.5) | Days
41.84 (26.08) | 25
NR | FIM total
100.84 (12.43) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = continuous circuit of 50 m circumference (1)
Total = 1 | Using 4 pt. cane = 101.4 (54.08)
Using Nordic stick = 98.04 (51.28)
Using simple cane = 115.48 (54.99) |
|
*Batcho et al.
[17] 2013 | I = 57.97 (11.02)
DO = 53.25 (10.53) | Months
I = 37.7 (31.7)
DO = 26.25 (10.69) | 44
30 : 14 | SIAS
I = 56.5 (37–74)x
DO = 54.0 (37–73)x | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = continuous square path 52 m in total (1)
Total = 1 | I = 243.6 (120.6)
DO = 256.8 (123.5) |
|
Bassile et al.
[18] 2003 | 64.2# | Years
0.5–6 | 5
02 : 03 | MAS
5.2 | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 339.61 (155.82) |
|
*Billinger et al.
[19] 2012 | 61.2 (4.7) | Days
68.6 (40.1) | 10
06 : 04 | FM lower
27.4 (8.8) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 100 ft (30.48 m) walkway (1)
Total = 2 | 304.1 (167.5) |
|
Blennerhassett and Dite
[20] 2004 | I1 = 56.3 (10.5)
I2 = 53.9 (19.8) | Days
I1 = 50.1 (49.2)
I2 = 36.0 (25.1) | 30
17 : 13 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 181 (85)
I2 = 183 (85) |
|
*Blennerhassett et al.
[21] 2012 | 66 (49.3–72.0)x | NR | 30
20 : 10 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = continuous rectangular track 86 m in total (1)
Total = 1 | 312 (170–463)x |
|
Bowden et al.
[22] 2013 | 58.74 (12.97) | Months
22.70 (16.38) | 27
19 : 08 | FM
23.1 (4) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 619.5 (290.8) |
|
Brock et al.
[23] 2011 | I1 = 61.3 (13.0)
I2 = 56.6 (15.8) | Days
I1 = 60.3 (24.0)
I2 = 63.6 (25.9) | 26
19 : 07 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 12.5 m long including a purpose built ramp and step and thin foam mats (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 102.6 (64.5)
I2 = 78.5 (61.3) |
|
Brogårdh et al.
[24] 2012 | I = 61.3 (8.5)
C = 63.9 (5.8) | Months
I = 37.4 (31.8)
C = 33.1 (29.2) | 31
25 : 06 | FIM
I1 = 83.1 (3.1)
I2 = 83.5 (3.2) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 305 (108)
C = 393 (115) |
|
Brogårdh et al.
[25] 2012 | 64 (NR) | Months
42 (30) | 50
41 : 09 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 303 (130) |
|
Byun et al.
[26] 2011 | 58.9 (11.9) | Months
9.6 (4.5) | 30
19 : 11 | K-MBI
53.6 (24.1) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 104 (96.4) |
|
Carda et al.
[27] 2011 | I1 = 62.2 (11.7)
I2 = 64.5 (12.5)
I3 = 59.6 (14.3) | Months
I1 = 46.9 (41.3)
I2 = 52.3 (43.8)
I3 = 43.9 (39.6) | 69
34 : 35 | FAC
I1 = 3.9 (0.9)
I2 = 4.0 (0.8)
I3 = 3.8 (0.6) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 176.2 (98.5)
I2 = 191.7 (98.6)
I3 = 195.7 (81) |
|
Carda et al.
[28] 2012 | 63.9 (10.5) | Days
1,273 (1,460) | 62
43 : 19 | FAC
3 (2–4)x | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | Without HFO = 146.1 (99.7)
With HFO = 169 (94.9) |
|
Carroll et al.
[29] 2012 | 72.4 (12.3) | Days
12.5 (6.25–34)x | 50
21 : 29 | BI
100 (90–100)x | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | 158.6 (129.2) |
|
*Carvalho et al.
[30] 2008 | 60 (4.1) | Months
62 (33) | 34
24 : 10 | FM lower
30 (13–34)x | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = indoors and outdoors over a 30 m course (1)
Total = 2 | In 365.2 (142.6)
Out 373.6 (150.8) |
|
*Carvalho et al.
[31] 2013 | 59 (5.8) | Months
53 (36) | 41
31 : 10 | FM lower
28 (13–34)x | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | 372 (139) |
|
*Chanruengvanich et al.
[32] 2006 | I = 62.83 (7.41)
C = 63.18 (7.13) | NR | 62
20 : 42 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = continuous rectangular path, total distance 30 m (1)
Total = 1 | I = 391.99 (82.6)
C = 341.6 (89.97) |
|
Da Silva et al.
[33] 2013 | 54 (9) | Years
7.8# | 12
06 : 06 | FM
163.3# | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | 274.2# |
|
*Daly et al.
[34] 2006 | I = 57.7 (11.9)
C = 63.6 (10.4) | Years
I = 3.6 (3.8)
C = 3.3 (2.1) | 29
22 : 07 | FM knee flex subscale
I = 4 (2)x
C = 3 (2)x | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30.5 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I = 186.6 (75.6)
C = 128.3 (83.8) |
|
*Daly et al.
[35] 2011 | I = 59 (NR)
C = 62 (NR) | NR | 44
32 : 12 | FIM loco/mob
I = 30 (2.75)x
C = 30 (8.50)x | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30.5 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I = 530 (262.47)
C = 416 (305.83) |
|
*Danielsson et al.
[36] 2011 | 59.7 (8.1) | Years
8.5 (0.9) | 31
22 : 09 | FM lower
29 (12)x | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | 352 (136) |
|
*Dean et al.
[37] 2001 | 62.7 (8.5) | NR | 14
08 : 06 | NR | ATS = No (published prior to ATS)
Walkway = 50 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 261.5 (128.4) |
|
Donovan et al.
[38] 2008 | 61.3 (11.1) | Months
46.5 (32.9) | 30
21 : 09 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 3 environments: clinic (150 m walkway), outdoors and in mall (1)
Total = 1 | Clinic = 244.4 (66.4)
Street = 248.5 (77.4)
Mall = 234.8 (66.5) |
|
Duncan et al.
[39] 1998 | I = 67.3 (9.6)
C = 67.8 (7.2) | Days
I = 66 (NR)
C = 56 (NR) | 20
NR | FM lower
I = 21.7 (NR)
C = 23.2 (NR) | ATS = No (published prior to ATS)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 149.66 (NR)∧
C = 169.47 (NR)∧ |
|
Duncan et al.
[40] 2003 | I = 68.5 (9)
C = 70.2 (11.4)
D = 74.6 (9.8) | Days
I = 77.5 (28.7)
C = 73.5 (27.1)
D = 84.0 (27.2) | 100
56 : 44 | FM lower
I = 24.1 (3.7)
C = 23.7 (3.5)
D = 26.0 (2.9) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 238.0 (103.9)
C = 215.6 (94.8)
D = 244.1 (88.6) |
|
Duncan et al.
[41] 2011 | I1 = 60.1 (12.3)
I2 = 63.3 (12.5)
I3 = 62.6 (13.3) | Days
I1 = 64.1 (8.3)
I2 = 64.2 (9.0)
I3 = 62.9 (8.0) | 408
224 : 184 | FM leg
I1 = 23.7 (6.7)
I2 = 24.8 (6.4)
I3 = 24.7 (6.3) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 124.1 (77.5)
I2 = 125.7 (81.8)
I3 = 126.3 (75.0) |
|
*Eng et al.
[42] 2002 | 62.6 (8.5) | Years
4.4 (3.0) | 25
17 : 08 | CM lower
8.9 (2.4) | ATS = No (published prior to ATS)
Walkway = continuous 42 m rectangular path (1)
Total = 1 | 267.7 (89.7) |
|
*Eng et al.
[43] 2004 | 62.5 (8.6) | Years
3.5 (2.0) | 12
11 : 01 | CM lower
9.4 (2.5) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = continuous 42 m rectangular path (1)
Total = 1 | 378.3 (123.1) |
|
*Flansbjer et al.
[4] 2005 | M = 59 (7)
F = 58 (5) | Months
M = 16 (5)
F = 18 (5) | 50
38 : 12 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | T1 = 384 (132)
T2 = 398 (136) |
|
*Flansbjer et al.
[44] 2008 | I = 61 (5)
C = 60 (5) | Months
I = 18.9 (7.9)
C = 20.0 (11.6) | 24
14 : 10 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I = 228 (137)
C = 234 (134) |
|
*Forsberg and Nilsagård
[45] 2013 | 68.1 (11.2) | Years
4.6 (5.5) | 67
42 : 25 | RMI
37 (35–39)x | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 247 (160–342)x |
|
Fritz et al.
[46] 2013 | I = 67.6 (9.3)
C = 64.5 (10.1) | Years
I = 2.5 (2.6)
C = 3.6 (3.2) | 28
NR | FM
I = 68.5 (21.7)
C = 65.6 (18.0) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 285.4 (158.7)
C = 263.2 (178.5) |
|
*Fulk et al.
[47] 2008 | 66.3 (14.3) | Days
33.7 (17.8) | 37
20 : 17 | FIM loco
5 (2–7)x | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 150 feet (45.72 m) at one site, 250 feet (76.20 m) at another two sites (1)
Total = 1 | T1 = 144.2 (136.3)
T2 = 160.9 (146.3) |
|
*Fulk et al.
[48] 2010 | 65.7 (11.9) | Months
42.1 (36.1) | 19
NR | FM lower
28.7 (5.7) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = continuous oval course 30 m in circumference (1)
Total = 2 | 348.6 (144) |
|
Geroin et al.
[49] 2011 |
I1 = 63.6 (6.7)
I2 = 63.3 (6.4)
I3 = 61.1 (6.3) | Months
I1 = 25.7 (6.0)
I2 = 26.7 (5.1)
I3 = 26.9 (5.8) | 30
23 : 07 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 162.9 (52.1)
I2 = 156.1 (62.9)
I3 = 116.8 (75.2) |
|
Gerrits et al.
[50] 2009 | 54 (10) | Months
22 (18) | 18
11 : 07 | FAC
4.6 (SEM = 0.1) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 186 (SEM = 25.9) |
|
*Gjellesvik et al.
[51] 2012 | 48.9 (10.6) | Years
7.2 (7.5) | 8
04 : 04 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 50 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 474 (91) |
|
Globas et al.
[52] 2012 | I = 68.6 (6.7)
C = 68.7 (6.1) | Months
I = 60.2 (46.6)
C = 70.0 (67.4) | 36
29 : 07 | BI
I = 91.7 (9.7)
C = 88.3 (9.6) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 274.4 (113.0)
C = 261.2 (177.0) |
|
Gordon et al.
[53] 2013 | I = 63.4 (9.4)
C = 64.9 (11.1) | Months
I = 12.8 (3.6)
C = 11.8 (3.6) | 128
58 : 70 | BI
I = 94.3 (8.1)
C = 91.5 (9.7) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 247.1 (141.5)
C = 228.0 (138.7) |
|
Hidler et al.
[54] 2009 | I = 59.9 (11.3)
C = 54.6 (9.4) | Days
I = 110.9 (62.5)
C = 138.9 (60.9) | 63
39 : 24 | RMI
I = 9.5 (0.5)
C = 11.3 (0.6) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 118.2 (13.2)∧
C = 134.33 (14.1)∧ |
|
Hinson et al.
[55] 2007 | Bl = 62 (8)
Wh = 66 (9) | Months
Bl = 47 (57)
Wh = 44 (54) | 118
74 : 44 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | Bl = 214 (108)
Wh = 201 (123) |
|
*Hoang et al.
[56] 2012 | 64.6 (11.2) | Months
40 (42.2) | 32
21 : 11 | BI
89.7 (9.9) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = continuous 123 m circuit (1)
Total = 1 | 201.8 (110.5) |
|
Hornby et al.
[57] 2008 | I1 = 57 (10)
I2 = 57 (11) | Months
I1 = 50 (51)
I2 = 73 (87) | 48
30 : 18 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 170 (86)
I2 = 170 (86) |
|
Hwang et al.
[58] 2013 |
1 = 54.6 (9.2)
2 = 54.9 (12.9) | Months
1 = 35.1 (18.8)
2 = 36.7 (19.0) | 47
27 : 20 | DGI
1 = 20.5 (2.7)
2 = 15.8 (4.8) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 1 = 392.4 (68.9)
2 = 268.6 (74.5) |
|
*Iosa et al.
[59] 2012 | 62.7 (14.7) | Days
101 (36) | 12
08 : 04 | BI
70 (50–88)x | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 20 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 226 (111) |
|
Janssen et al.
[60] 2008 | I1 = 54.2 (10.7)
I2 = 55.3 (10.4) | Months
I1 = 12.3 (5.4)
I2 = 18.3 (9.9) | 12
06 : 06 | FAC
I1 = 4.5 (0.5)
I2 = 4.7 (0.5) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 160.3 (134.4)
I2 = 187.3 (92.0) |
|
Jin et al.
[61] 2012 | I = 57 (6)
C = 56 (7) | Months
I = 18.5 (5.2)
C = 17.9 (4.8) | 133
94 : 39 | RMI
I = 10.3 (1.4)
C = 10.2 (1.4) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 212.0 (63.5)
C = 212.2 (50.1) |
|
*Kang et al.
[62] 2012 | I1 = 55.9 (6.5)
I2 = 56.3 (7.6)
C = 56.1 (7.8) | Months
I1 = 14.1 (4.4)
I2 = 13.5 (4.0)
C = 15.1 (7.4) | 30
16 : 14 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = continuous 50 m track (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 240.3 (20.9)
I2 = 237.7 (25.4)
C = 239.1 (22.0) |
|
Kelley et al.
[63] 2013 | 65.75 (9.48) | Years
2.87 (NR) | 20
13 : 07 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 51.61 (26.15) |
|
*Kelly et al.
[1] 2003 | 66 (48–73)x | Days
30 (19–39)x | 17
13 : 04 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 20 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 301.8 (202.8–384.9)x |
|
*Kim et al.
[64] 2014 | 62.2 (11.7) | Days
32.6 (24.7) | 55
37 : 18 | KM-BI
74 (17.6) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 50 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 262.8 (120.7) |
|
*Kluding and Gajewski
[65] 2009 | 57.6 (11.0) | Months
45.4 (42.8) | 26
14 : 12 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 100 feet (30.48 m) walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 202.4 (134.3) |
|
Kluding et al.
[66] 2011 | 63.7 (9.1) | Months
50.4 (37.9) | 9
05 : 04 | FM
87.7 (29.1) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 760 (696.3) |
|
Kuys et al.
[67] 2011 | I = 63 (14)
C = 72 (17) | Days
I = 52 (32)
C = 49 (30) | 30
12 : 18 | Modified BI
I = 76 (18)
C = 80 (9) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 177 (130)
C = 219 (147) |
|
Lam et al.
[68] 2010 | 66.8 (SEM = 1.1) | Months
59.0 (SEM = 9.28) | 52
34 : 18 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 253.25 (SEM = 19.38) |
|
*Langhammer et al.
[69] 2006 | 74 (NR) | NR | 57
31 : 26 | MAS walk
3.5 (2.5) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 85 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 234 (208) |
|
*Langhammer et al.
[70] 2008 | I1 = 76.0 (12.7)
I2 = 72.0 (13.6) | NR | 75
43 : 32 | BI
I1 = 56.6 (38.9)
I2 = 66.0 (39.0) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 85 m walkway in hospital and different institutions including patients’ homes or outdoors (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 187.9 (211.1)
I2 = 221.5 (197.8) |
|
*Langhammer and Stanghelle
[71] 2010 | I1 = 74.0 (13.3)
I2 = 75.0 (10.4) | Days
I1 = 419 (1,034)
I2 = 349 (820) | 39
16 : 23 | MAS i3
I1 = 5.4 (NR)
I2 = 5.3 (NR) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 85 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 277.7 (139.9)
I2 = 299.4 (159.3) |
|
Lee et al.
[72] 2005 | 69 (11) | Months
43 (32) | 11
09 : 02 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 324.4 (173.1) |
|
Lee et al.
[73] 2008 | I1 = 67.2 (10.6)
I2 = 62.9 (9.3)
I3 = 60.5 (10.6)
C = 65.3 (6.0) | Months
I1 = 52.4 (2.2)
I2 = 44.2 (63.9)
I3 = 63.2 (40.5)
C = 65.8 (42.3) | 48
28 : 20 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 249.3 (158.3)
I2 = 239.8 (141.0)
I3 = 266.0 (123.5)
C = 273.2 (162.1) |
|
Lord et al.
[74] 2008 | I1 = 64.2 (14.8)
I2 = 60.7 (17.6) | Days
I1 = 83.1 (29.8)
I2 = 80.3 (33.0) | 30
18 : 12 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 125.1 (71.0)
I2 = 142.3 (89.4) |
|
*MacKay-Lyons et al.
[75] 2013 | I1 = 61.5 (15.4)
I2 = 59.0 (12.7) | Days
I1 = 23.3 (5.7)
I2 = 23.1 (4.4) | 50
29 : 21 | CM
I1 = 4.8 (1.5)
I2 = 4.9 (1.2) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = continuous 100 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | I1 = 188.7 (82.3)
I2 = 195.5 (77.7) |
|
Macko et al.
[76] 2005 | I = 63 (10)
C = 64 (8) | Months
I = 35 (29)
C = 39 (59) | 61
43 : 18 | RMI
I = 11.3 (0.4)
C = 11.7 (0.4) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 232.0 (22.3)∧
C = 258.5 (33.2)∧ |
|
Macko et al.
[77] 2008 | 70 (1.7) | Months
56 (19) | 20
09 : 11 | BI
74.8 (4) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | T1 = 116 (15)
T2 = 113 (14) |
|
*Maeda et al.
[78] 2009 | 45 (7) | Months
19 (9) | 18
15 : 03 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | AFO = 174 (77)
W/O AFO = 140 (69) |
|
*Marsden et al.
[79] 2010 | I = 70.0 (9.0)
C = 73.1 (9.3) | Months
I = 37.2 (26.7)
C = 39.0 (23.6) | 25
19 : 06 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 20 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I = 301.6 (121.5)
C = 349.1 (124.2) |
|
Mayo et al.
[80] 2013 | I1 = 67.7 (14.4)
I2 = 67.8 (12.3) | Days
I1 = 265.4 (131.8)
I2 = 252.0 (165.3) | 87
60 : 27 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 323.4 (19.5)
I2 = 321.6 (17.1) |
|
Mehrholz et al.
[81] 2006 | 54# | Weeks
Range: 3–12 | 6
05 : 01 | FAC
2 (0) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 96.7 (33.4) |
|
Mehrholz et al.
[82] 2007 | 62.8 (10.2) | Days
30.6 (15.5) | 55
40 : 15 | RMI
2.51 (1.62) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 15.9 (34.3) |
|
*Michael et al.
[83] 2009 | 71 (NR) | Years
7.5 (NR) | 10
07 : 03 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 100 feet (30.48 m) walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 256 (33.5)∧ |
|
Miklitsch et al.
[84] 2013 | I = 58 (11)
C = 57 (12) | Months
I = 9.8 (19.1)
C = 9.1 (20.8) | 40
25 : 15 | BI
I = 55 (45–80)x
C = 53 (45–75)x | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | I = 261 (158)
C = 200 (129) |
|
*Moriello et al.
[85] 2011 | 67 (12.3) | Months
3.9 (1.6) | 63
43 : 20 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 15 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 277 (136) |
|
Mudge et al.
[86] 2009 | I = 76 (39–89)x
C = 71 (44–86)x | Years
I = 3.33 (0.6–13.3)x
C = 5.8 (0.5–18.7)x | 58
32 : 26 | RMI
I = 14 (6.1–15)x
C = 13.5 (9–15)x | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 263 (110)
C = 201 (99) |
|
Mudge and Stott
[87] 2009 | 67.4 (12.5) | Months
66 (61) | 49
29 : 20 | RMI
13 (6–15)x | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 230 (121) |
|
*Muren et al.
[88] 2008 | 58 (9) | Months
60 (27) | 30
17 : 13 | NR | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | 353 (137) |
|
Murtezani et al.
[89] 2009 | 49.8 (17.4) | NR | 44
26 : 18 | BI
68 (20.5) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 336.6 (82.2) |
|
*Ng and Hui-Chan
[90] 2005 | 61.1 (6.8) | Years
5.6 (3.3) | 11
06 : 05 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 33 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 202.3 (88) |
|
*Ng and Hui-Chan
[91] 2009 | I1 = 56.5 (8.2)
I2 = 57.8 (7.3)
I3 = 56.9 (8.6)
C = 55.5 (8.0) | Years
I1 = 4.9 (3.9)
I2 = 4.7 (2.8)
I3 = 4.3 (3.8)
C = 5.0 (3.0) | 109
85 : 24 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 33 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 202.6 (81.8)
I2 = 191.9 (89.4)
I3 = 175.9 (81.9)
C = 195.6 (75.9) |
|
*Ng et al.
[8] 2011 | 58.5 (6.1) | Years
7.0 (6.5) | 26
13 : 13 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = performed on 10, 20, and 30 m walkways turning towards affected and nonaffected sides separately (1)
Total = 1 | 1 = 227.32 (79.07)
2 = 252.2 (95.31)
3 = 265.47 (94.16)
4 = 228.8 (84.20)
5 = 255.79 (92.14)
6 = 269.35 (107.75) |
|
*Ng and Hui-Chan
[92] 2012 | 57.4 (7.8) | Years
5.2 (3.7) | 62
51 : 11 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 33 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 183.7 (84.4) |
|
Nolan et al.
[93] 2009 | 53.44 (11.50) | Months
54.89 (36.98) | 18
14 : 04 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | With AFO = 228.54 (103.93)
Without AFO = 197.49 (104.13) |
|
*Olawale et al.
[94] 2011 | I1 = 56.8 (6.4)
I2 = 56.8 (8.3)
C = 57.2 (5.9) | Months
I1 = 10.2 (6.9)
I2 = 10.7 (6.8)
C = 10.3 (5.9) | 60
34 : 26 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 15 × 10 m rectangular course (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 111.43 (50.96)
I2 = 116.31 (49.39)
C = 138.85 (65.33) |
|
Ouellette et al.
[95] 2004 | I = 65.8 (2.5)
C = 66.1 (2.1) | Months
I = 31.8 (3.3)
C = 25.6 (4.0) | 42
28 : 14 | LLFDI
I = 52.7 (2.3)
C = 55.6 (2.2) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 217.1 (30.5)
C = 221.0 (34.0) |
|
*Outermans et al.
[96] 2010 | I1 = 56.8 (8.6)
I2 = 56.3 (8.6) | Days
I1 = 22.5 (8.2)
I2 = 23.5 (7.8) | 43
36 : 07 | NR | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 50 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | I = 459.8 (145.8)
I2 = 401.0 (131.5) |
|
*Ovando et al.
[97] 2011 | 53 (17) | Months
18 (11) | 8
06 : 02 | FM
25 (4.5) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 400.9 (136.0) |
|
Pang et al.
[98] 2005 | I = 65.8 (9.1)
C = 64.7 (8.4) | Years
I = 5.2 (5.0)
C = 5.1 (3.6) | 63
37 : 26 | NR | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | I = 328.1 (143.5)
C = 304.1 (123.8) |
|
*Park et al.
[99] 2011 | I = 59.38 (8.46)
C = 56.92 (7.79) | Months
I = 28.08 (12.59)
C = 28.67 (17.96) | 25
12 : 13 | WAQ
I = 46.38 (10.38)
C = 48.75 (10.15) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 20 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I = 166.23 (58.29)
C = 151.83 (69.95) |
|
*Patterson et al.
[100] 2007 | 64 (10) | Months
48 (59) | 74
43 : 31 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30.5 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 216 (120) |
|
*Patterson et al.
[101] 2008 | 64 (8) | Months
20.55 (64.0) | 39
25 : 14 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30.5 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 227 (105) |
|
*Peurala et al.
[102] 2005 | I1 = 53.3 (8.9)
I2 = 51.2 (7.9)
I3 = 52.3 (6.8) | Years
I1 = 2.6 (2.4)
I2 = 2.4 (2.6)
I3 = 4.0 (5.8) | 45
37 : 08 | FIM
I1 = 99.2 (12.8)
I2 = 106.9 (10)
I3 = 100.7 (11.4) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 54 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 127.1 (87.2)
I2 = 152.3 (89.6)
I3 = 111.8 (57.3) |
|
*Pohl et al.
[12] 2002 | 72.1 (10.2) | Days
73.3 (26.8) | 72
40 : 32 | FM lower
24 (3.8) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 100 feet (30.48 m) walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 215.8 (91.6) |
|
Polese et al.
[103] 2013 | 56.4 (12.5) | Months
64.8 (53.6) | 98
54 : 44 | NR | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | 356.6 (132.2) |
|
*Pradon et al.
[104] 2013 | 53.3 (13.7) | Months
16 (8) | 24
12 : 12 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 273.8 (173.4) |
|
Rabadi et al.
[105] 2008 | I1 = 75.00 (10.58)
I2 = 73.58 (13.02) | Days
I1 = 16.36 (15.70)
I2 = 14.10 (11.23) | 116
68 : 48 | FIM motor
I1 = 25.93 (12.41)
I2 = 25.93 (11.78) |
ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I1 = 26.69 (48.77)∧
I2 = 29.16 (38.56)∧ |
|
Rand et al.
[106] 2009 | 66.5 (9.6) | Years
2.9 (2.4) | 40
13 : 27 | NR | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | 318.8 (78.6) |
|
Ryan et al.
[107] 2011 | 63 (1) | Months
39 (7) | 70
39 : 31 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 633 (46) |
|
Ryan et al.
[108] 2011 | I = 62.8 (10.3)
C = 60.7 (12.8) | Days
I = 21.5 (8.7)
C = 19.7 (16.8) | 44
35 : 09 | CM
I = 4.2 (1.1)
C = 4.1 (1) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 190 (176)
C = 270 (236) |
|
*Salbach et al.
[109] 2004 | I1 = 71 (12)
I2 = 73 (8) | Days
I1 = 239 (83)
I2 = 217 (73) | 91
56 : 35 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 20 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 209 (126)
I2 = 204 (131) |
|
Salbach et al.
[110] 2014 | 71.1 (9.7) | Years
2.0 (1.1) | 16
14 : 02 | CM leg
5 (1.4) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | 254.9 (180.9) |
|
*Schmid et al.
[111] 2012 | 64.06 (8.78) | Months
52.00 (42.14) | 77
58 : 19 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 269.75 (131.06)∧ |
|
Severinsen et al.
[112] 2011 | 68 (9) | Months
18 (6) | 48
35 : 13 | FM
68 (25) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | 291 (171) |
|
*Sibley et al.
[113] 2008 | 68.1 (12) | Days
52.4 (13.6) | 26
16 : 10 | FIM
107.1 (10.2) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | 343.6 (107.3) |
|
Simpson et al.
[114] 2011 | 67.6 (9.9) | NR | 80
58 : 22 | NR | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | 275.9 (141.8) |
|
*Singh et al.
[115] 2013 | I = 65.4 (9.8)
C = 67.0 (8.4) | Months
I = 40.5 (41.8)
C = 34.9 (23.6) | 28
16 : 12 | BI
I = 87.00 (15.45)
C = 92.31 (12.69) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I = 162.40 (78.97)
C = 209.92 (176.53) |
|
Stookey et al.
[116] 2013 | 61.2 (8.4) | NR | 23
11 : 12 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | T1 = 278 (123.2)
T2 = 307.7 (142.0)
T3 = 305.1 (138.3) |
|
*Stookey et al.
[117] 2014 | 61.5 (9.8) | NR | 43
30 : 13 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 100 ft (30.48 m) walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 242 (115) |
|
*Stuart et al.
[118] 2009 | I = 66.8 (1.4)
C = 70.0 (1.7) | Years
I = 4.2 (0.8)
C = 3.5 (0.5) | 78
54 : 24 | BI
I = 79.5 (2.6)
C = 85.4 (2.0) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 10 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I = 184.0 (11.8)
C = 194.4 (9.2) |
|
*Sullivan et al.
[119] 2007 | I1 = 60.6 (13.7)
I2 = 63.4 (8.6)
I3 = 58.2 (15.2)
I4 = 61.4 (11.2) | Months
I1 = 27.5 (16.1)
I2 = 28.4 (19.0)
I3 = 23.1 (15.0)
I4 = 20.7 (14.4) | 80
45 : 35 | FM lower
I1 = 24.5 (5.5)
I2 = 24.4 (4.5)
I3 = 24.2 (4.0)
I4 = 22.1 (6.3) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = continuous, 18 m oval walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 189.3 (99.9)
I2 = 170.0 (115.2)
I3 = 187.6 (99.9)
I4 = 190.0 (135.4) |
|
*Tang et al.
[120] 2006 | 64.6 (14.4) | Days
50.3 (17) | 36
14 : 22 | CM
5.1 (1) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | 341.6 (107.9) |
|
*Tang et al.
[121] 2009 | I = 64.7 (SEM = 3.6)
C = 65.7 (SEM = 2.3) | Days
I = 19.1 (SEM = 3.8)
C = 14.9 (SEM = 2.3) | 36
NR | FIM
I = 84.0 (SEM = 4.1)
C = 83.9 (SEM = 4.2) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | I = 207.0 (46.6)
C = 198.9 (40.2) |
|
Tanne et al.
[122] 2008 | I = 61 (10)
C = 58 (5) | Days
I = 65 (37)
C = 93 (60) | 48
43 : 05 | FIM
I = 123 (5)
C = 122 (5) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 444 (90)
C = 438 (101) |
|
Toledano-Zarhi et al.
[123] 2011 | I = 65 (10)
C = 65 (12) | Days
I = 11 (5)
C = 11 (4) | 28
21 : 07 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 415.9 (172.5)
C = 459.3 (116.3) |
|
*Tseng and Kluding
[124] 2009 | 56.8 (11.8) | Months
47.6 (51.2) | 9
02 : 07 | FM
79.4 (32.8) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 100 feet (30.48 m) walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 295.5 (171.4) |
|
*van Bloemendaal et al.
[125] 2012 | 58.8 (9.8) | Months
24.7 (25.3) | 75
47 : 28 | NR | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | 472.5 (156.1) |
|
van de Port et al.
[126] 2012 | I = 56 (10)
C = 58 (10) | Days
I = 91 (42)
C = 103 (51) | 250
162 : 88 | RMI
I = 12.67 (1.58)
C = 12.35 (2.00) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | I = 339 (120)
C = 306 (135) |
|
*Verheijde et al.
[127] 2013 | 70 (13) | Days
52 (87) | 43
33 : 10 | LEFS
33 (18) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 33 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | 240 (130) |
|
*Verma et al.
[128] 2011 | I = 53.27 (8.53)
C = 55.07 (6.80) | Weeks
6.3 (3.2) | 30
22 : 08 | BI
I = 60 (9.82)
C = 53 (16.98) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 50 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | I = 115.2 (43.30)
C = 96.67 (64.23) |
|
*Westlake and Patten
[129] 2009 | I1 = 58.6 (16.9)
I2 = 55.1 (13.6) | Months
I1 = 43.8 (26.8)
I2 = 36.8 (20.3) | 16
13 : 03 | FM lower
I1 = 23.0 (4.3)
I2 = 21.4 (5.1) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 39 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 267.3 (187.2)
I2 = 234.3 (141.2) |
|
Wevers et al.
[130] 2011 | 60.7 (10.9) | Days
266 (38) | 27
21 : 06 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = outdoor 30 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | 1 = 408 (132)
2 = 417 (139)
3 = 413 (127)
4 = 422 (132) |
|
White et al.
[131] 2013 | 65.76 (11.01) | Years
2.11 (1.76) | 21
16 : 05 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 377.82 (176.19) |
|
Wing et al.
[132] 2008 | 60.2 (14.1) | Months
40.9 (29.1) | 35
21 : 14 | FM motor
31.8 (SEM = 3.2) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 228.6 (SEM = 22.3) |
|
*Yang et al.
[133] 2006 | I = 56.8 (10.2)
C = 60.0 (10.4) | Months
I = 62.7 (27.4)
C = 64.0 (40.4) | 48
32 : 16 | NR | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = 25 m walkway (1)
Total = 2 | I = 352.3 (71.7)
C = 335.0 (79.6) |
|
*Yang et al.
[134] 2014 | I1 = 53.9 (10.5)
I2 = 54.5 (8.0) | Months
I1 = 11.1 (8.1)
I2 = 11.1 (9.7) | 30
22 : 08 | BI
I1 = 17.4 (2.2)
I2 = 16.5 (3.8) | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = 10 m walkway (1)
Total = 1 | I1 = 216.4 (107.4)
I2 = 193.1 (127.3) |
|
Yiu et al.
[135] 2012 | 67.41 (10.13) | Days
96.9 (69.0) | 98
71 : 27 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 0 | 267.65 (139.53) |
|
*Zalewski and Dvorak
[136] 2011 | 71.3 (9.5) | NR | 17
14 : 03 | NR | ATS = No (0)
Walkway = continuous 200 m track (1)
Total = 1 | 258.5 (146.0) |
|
Zedlitz et al.
[137] 2012 | I1 = 54.8 (9.1)
I2 = 55.6 (8.8) | Years
I1 = 4.4 (4.2)
I2 = 3.3 (3.9) | 83
43 : 40 | MI
I1 = 90.2 (15.0)
I2 = 90.1 (12.1) | ATS = Yes (1)
Walkway = NR (0)
Total = 1 | I1 = 438 (123)
I2 = 437 (107) |
|
