Effect of Treatment Delay, Stroke Type, and Thrombolysis on the Effect of Glyceryl Trinitrate, a Nitric Oxide Donor, on Outcome after Acute Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient from Randomised Trials

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients by GTN versus no GTN and by trial. Data from the ENOS trial are divided by time to randomisation (6 hours, 6–48 hours). Data are number (%), median (interquartile range), or mean (standard deviation).

Trial	All	GTN	No GTN	GTN-1 [25]	GTN-2 [26]	GTN-3 [27]	RIGHT [20]	ENOS-early [21]	ENOS-rest [21]	2
Number	4197	2113	2084	37	90	18	41	273	3738
Age (yrs)	70.4 (12.1)	70.4 (12.1)	70.4 (12.2)	73.7 (9.1)	71.8 (11.8)	69.4 (7.4)	76.3 (11)	69.9 (12.7)	70.3 (12.1)	0.012
Male (%)	2383 (56.8)	1198 (56.7)	1185 (56.9)	18 (48.6)	41 (45.6)	5 (27.8)	22 (53.7)	154 (56.4)	2143 (57.3)	0.029
Stroke (%)	623 (15.0)	336 (16.0)	287 (13.9)	NC	15 (16.7)	3 (16.7)	11 (26.8)	39 (14.3)	555 (14.8)	0.30
HT (%)	2700 (64.3)	1338 (63.3)	1362 (65.4)	23 (62.2)	36 (40)	7 (38.9)	27 (65.9)	168 (61.5)	2439 (65.2)	<0.001
DM (%)	715 (17.2)	354 (16.9)	361 (17.5)	NC	12 (13.3)	0 (0.0)	4 (9.8)	37 (13.6)	662 (17.7)	0.049
IHD (%)	686 (16.5)	353 (16.8)	333 (16.1)	NC	13 (14.4)	2 (11.1)	2 (4.9)	34 (12.5)	635 (17)	0.062
AF (%)	597 (14.4)	318 (15.2)	279 (13.5)	NC	18 (20)	0 (0.0)	8 (19.5)	38 (13.9)	533 (14.3)	0.18
SBP (mmHg)	167.1 (19.3)	167.1 (19.2)	167 (19.4)	161.9 (21.5)	159.2 (27)	163.3 (16.5)	172.5 (28.2)	166.7 (18.2)	167.3 (19)	<0.001
Minimum	101	101	110	126	101	137	137	132	110
Maximum	234	234	233	219	224	191	234	223	233
>140 (%)	3976 (94.7)	2000 (94.7)	1976 (94.8)	32 (86.5)	62 (68.9)	16 (88.9)	40 (97.6)	262 (96)	3564 (95.3)	<0.001
DBP (mmHg)	89.5 (13.3)	89.7 (13.3)	89.3 (13.4)	91.6 (15.7)	86.8 (16.3)	90.4 (14.9)	92.1 (19.9)	90.8 (13.3)	89.4 (13.1)	0.11
HR (bpm)	77.5 (14.8)	77.8 (14.9)	77.3 (14.6)	77.3 (15.7)	78 (15.2)	68.2 (14)	82.5 (18)	77.5 (14.9)	77.5 (14.7)	0.036
SSS (/58)	33.7 (13.2)	34 (13.1)	33.5 (13.3)	NC	32.6 (11.7)	42.1 (10.5)	35.7 (17)	32.1 (11.9)	33.8 (13.3)	0.010
IS (%)	3502 (83.4)	1759 (83.2)	1743 (83.6)	33 (89.2)	84 (93.3)	16 (88.9)	27 (65.9)	208 (76.2)	3134 (83.8)	<0.001
ICH (%)	646 (15.4)	323 (15.3)	323 (15.5)	4 (10.8)	5 (5.6)	2 (11.1)	6 (14.6)	61 (22.3)	568 (15.2)	0.003
OTR (hours)	27.2 (16.1)	27.1 (16.4)	27.2 (15.8)	99.2 (38)	55.1 (18.9)	72.2 (26.2)	1.6 (1.8)	4.3 (1.2)	27.6 (11.9)	<0.001
<6 hours	312 (7.4%)	168 (8)	144 (6.9)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	39 (95.1)	273 (100)	0 (0.0)	<0.001
rt-PA (%)	435 (10.4)	211 (10)	224 (10.7)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	10 (24.4)	93 (34.1)	332 (8.9)	<0.001

Stroke severity measured after randomisation at hospital admission.
Percentage includes IS and ICH patients.
AF: atrial fibrillation; bpm: beats per minute; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; DM: diabetes mellitus; GTN: glyceryl trinitrate; HR: heart rate; HT: hypertension; ICH: intracerebral haemorrhage; IHD: ischaemic heart disease; IS: ischaemic stroke; OTR: onset time to randomisation; rt-PA: recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator/alteplase; SBP: systolic blood pressure; SSS: Scandinavian Stroke Scale.