The Study of Three-Dimensional Granular Stream Flowing through the Test Hopper-Shaped Target

Table 1

DEM parameters and material properties in this work.

Parameter	Symbol	Value
Poisson’s ratio	ν	0.25
Young’s modulus (GPa)	E	193
Shear modulus (GPa)	G	80
Dissipative constant	β	−0.016
Particle-wall friction coefficient	μ	0.3
Particle-particle friction coefficient	μs	0.3
Particle diameter	d	1.5 mm
Density	ρ	7850 kg/m^3
Gravity		9.8 m/s^2

Note: Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus, shear modulus, and coefficient of restitution.