Damage Detection of Bridges Using Vibration Data by Adjoint Variable Method

Table 1

Damage scenarios for multispan bridge.

Damage scenario	Damage type	Damage location	Reduction in elastic modulus	Noise
M1-1	Single	23	5%	Nil
M1-2	Multi	8, 13, and 29	11%, 4%, and 7%	Nil
M1-3	Multi	3, 7, 19, 25, and 28	12%, 6%, 5%, 2%, and 18%	Nil
M1-4	Random	All elements	Random damage in all elements with an average of 5%	Nil
M1-5	Random	All elements	Random damage in all elements with an average of 15%	Nil
M1-6	Estimation of undamaged state	All elements	5% reduction in all elements	Nil