Interaction between Walking Humans and Structures in Vertical Direction: A Literature Review

Table 2

Experimentally measured effects of HSI on modal properties of structure.

Study	Number of pedestrians	Structure				DLFs
Ohlsson, 1982 [33]	—	Timber floor	↑	↓	↓	—
Baumann and Bachmann, 1988 [34]	—	19 m prestressed beam	—	—	—	10%↓
Ebrahimpour et al., 1989 [36]	1–40	Lab-based composite floor	↑	—	↓	—
Ebrahimpour and Sack, 1996 [37]	1–40	Lab-based composite floor	—	—	—	↓
Pimentel and Waldron, 1996 [39]	1	Composite footbridge; Hz, %	↑	—	—	↓
Ellis and Ji, 1997 [10]	1	Precast reinforced concrete beam; Hz, %	0%	0%	—	—
Pimentel, 1997 [35]	—	Stressed ribbon footbridge; Hz, %	17% ↑	1.7% ↓	↓	—
Willford, 2002 [2]	—	Millennium Bridge; Hz, %	↑	—	↓	—
Brownjohn, 2004 [40]	Up to 150	Changi Mezzanine steel footbridge; Hz, %	Up to 100% ↑	—	↓	—
Brownjohn and Fu, 2005 [41]	1–35	Singapore Polytechnic steel footbridge; Hz, %	100%–500% ↑	7% ↑	↓	—
Živanović et al., 2009 [11]	2–10	Posttensioned lab footbridge; Hz, %	297% ↑	1.6% ↑	38% ↓	—
Živanović et al., 2010 [4]	6.1 pedestrians/min	Podgorica steel footbridge; Hz, %	158% ↑	2% ↓	65% ↓	—
Fanning et al., 2010 [42]	4–30	O’Casey steel footbridge; Hz, %	↑	—	20% ↓	—
Dong et al., 2011 [43]	0–2 pedestrians/s	Olga cable-stayed footbridge  Hz, %	280% ↑	4.4% ↓	—	—
Georgakis and Jorgensen, 2013 [32]	4–10	Steel lab footbridge; Hz, %	↑	↓	—	—
Shahabpoor et al., 2015; 2016 [50, 51]	3–15	Posttensioned lab footbridge; Hz, %	400% ↑	1.0% ↑	32% ↓	—
Zhang et al., 2015 [44]	4–10	Steel lab footbridge; Hz, %	↑	↓	—	—
Van Nimmen et al., 2015 [45]	9–21	Eeklo steel footbridge; Hz, %	900% ↑	0–1.5% ↑	—	—