Experimental Investigation of Sandstone under Cyclic Loading: Damage Assessment Using Ultrasonic Wave Velocities and Changes in Elastic Modulus

<table class="fixed-width table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><colgroup><col style="width:12.42em"/><col style="width:6.85em"/><col style="width:6.63em"/><col style="width:5.74em"/></colgroup><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left" rowspan="2">Number of cycles</td><td class="align_center" colspan="3">Number of specimens</td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_center">#1</td><td class="align_center">#2</td><td class="align_center">#3</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">1</td><td class="align_center">8.41</td><td class="align_center">7.67</td><td class="align_center">7.54</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">2</td><td class="align_center">7.78</td><td class="align_center">7.58</td><td class="align_center">7.21</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">3</td><td class="align_center">7.47</td><td class="align_center">6.68</td><td class="align_center">6.77</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="4"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Young’s modulus for sandstone specimens under Type 2 cyclic loading tests in GPa.</div>

Shock and Vibration

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Table 5

Table 5: Experimental Investigation of Sandstone under Cyclic Loading: Damage Assessment Using Ultrasonic Wave Velocities and Changes in Elastic Modulus 

Table 5 | Experimental Investigation of Sandstone under Cyclic Loading: Damage Assessment Using Ultrasonic Wave Velocities and Changes in Elastic Modulus 