A Numerical Investigation on Scaling Rolling Friction Effects in Shaking Table Model Tests

Figure 8

RR (defined in equation (1)) for case 1 in Figure 2, with and C = 100 kN·s/m, without scaled gravity, with scaled density, and without scaled friction. (a) Structural acceleration. (b) Structural relative velocity. (c) Structural relative displacement. (d) Structural residual displacement (all points). (e) Structural residual displacement (main points).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)