Fault Diagnosis of High-Power Tractor Engine Based on Competitive Multiswarm Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimizer Algorithm

<div>Error convergence curves of four different neural networks. (a) BP neural network error curve. (b) PSO-BP neural network error curve. (c) LDWPSO-BP neural network error curve. (d) COM-MCPSO-BP neural network error curve.</div>

Shock and Vibration

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Figure 9

Figure 9: Fault Diagnosis of High-Power Tractor Engine Based on Competitive Multiswarm Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimizer Algorithm 