Research Article

Fracture Mechanism in Overlying Strata during Longwall Mining

Figure 14

The distribution of principal stress and plastic zone when the excavation length is 45 m. (a) The distribution of minor principal stress of the upper surface of IKS; (b) the distribution of major principal stress of the upper surface of IKS; (c) the plastic zone distribution of the overlying strata.
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(b)
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