Insights into Underrail Rubber Pad’s Effect on Vehicle-Track-Viaduct System Dynamics

Table 1

Model parameters of underrail rubber pads.

Parameter	Energy storage modulus model	Energy consumption modulus
	0.008	—
	0.004	2.757
	59.672	0.001
	17.537	0.001
	0.041	1.754
	0.08	2.813
	0.232	0.216