Seismic Response and Damage Analysis of Large Inverted Siphon Structure

Table 2

The formulas for calculating spring stiffness and damping coefficient.

, , , and are the normal and tangential spring stiffness and damping coefficients of the viscoelastic artificial boundary. is the elastic modulus of foundation. is the shear modulus of foundation. is the density of the foundation. is the distance from the scattered wave source to the artificial boundary, and the scattering source is taken as the geometric center of the underground structure. , , , and are calculation parameters, and the recommended values are 1.33, 0.67, 0.9, and 1.1, respectively.