Psychiatric Morbidity and Other Factors Affecting Treatment Adherence in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

Table 1

Categories of psychiatric conditions in TB patients.

(1)	Psychiatric conditions arising after TB are diagnosed (as reactions to the medical illness or a direct physiological consequence of the illness)—according to DSM-IV: (i) adjustment disorder,; (ii) mood disorders (e.g., major depression),; (iii) anxiety disorders (e.g., PTSD, acute stress disorder, and GAD),; (iv) somatoform disorders (e.g., pain disorders and neurasthenia),; (v) delirium and other cognitive disorders,; (vi) personality change due to a general medical condition.; Differential diagnosis in this category is necessary between a psychosocial issue and a diagnosable mental disorder.
(2)	Psychiatric complications associated with antituberculosis therapy.
(3)	Preexisting psychiatric disorders potentially increasing risk of TB and risk of progression from latent TB infection to active TB (e.g., substance related disorders, psychotic disorders, mood disorders, and psychological factors affecting medical condition).
(4)	Coexisting psychiatric disorders exacerbated by TB, without necessarily being etiologically related but complicate the diagnosis and management and can alter its course (e.g., specific phobia).
(5)	Comorbidity as a result of commonly shared risk factors for the development of a variety of psychiatric disorders and TB (e.g., substance related disorders and low socioeconomic status).