Abstract
Recommendations are given for the type and quantity of X-ray measurements of interplanar spacings on different peaks required to evaluate the residual stress (RS) state within materials having strongly preferred orientations as a result of cold rolling. The variation of RS I and of RS II with depth from the surface can be determined by measuring on new surfaces obtained by etching several layers from both sides of the specimens and by measuring small thin specimens taken from different parts of the cross-section. Additional measurements by the etching-deflection method show the variation of RS I. Here RS II is understood as the mean value of the stresses of those crystallites which contribute to the measurement after subtraction of RS I. The results obtained on a cold rolled thin steel strip show variation with depth of RS II only.