Cellular and Molecular Changes in Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Table 2

Markers involved in orthodontic tooth movement collected from serum.

Marker	Function	Sample	Method	Sources
N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen	Bone turnover	Serum of premenopausal woman	ELISA	[16]
Osteocalcin	Bone turnover	Serum of premenopausal woman	ELISA	[16]
C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX)	Bone turnover	Serum of premenopausal woman	ELISA	[16]
Insulin-like growth factor-1	Decreases collagen degradation, increases bone matrix deposition, and recruits osteoblasts	Serum of premenopausal woman	ELISA	[16]