Molecular Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Ruminant and Donkey Raw Milk Samples and Traditional Dairy Products in Iran

Table 2

E. coli-resistant antibiotic genes, primer sequence, and product size.

Antibiotic	Resistant gene	Sequence	Size (bp)	Annealing temperature (^∘C)	References
Streptomycin	aadA1	(F) TATCCAGCTAAGCGCGAACT; (R) ATTTGCCGACTACCTTGGTC	447	58	[30]
Tetracycline	tetA	(F) GGTTCACTCGAACGACGTCA; (R) CTGTCCGACAAGTTGCATGA	577	57	[30]
Tetracycline	tetB	(F) CCTCAGCTTCTCAACGCGTG; (R) GCACCTTGCTGATGACTCTT	634	56	[30]
Trimethoprim	dfrA1	(F) GGAGTGCCAAAGGTGAACAGC; (R) GAGGCGAAGTCTTGGGTAAAAAC	367	45	[31]
Fluoroquinolone	qnr	(F) GGGTATGGATATTATTGATAAAG; (R) CTAATCCGGCAGCACTATTTA	670	50	[32]
Gentamicin	aac(3)-IV	(F) CTTCAGGATGGCAAGTTGGT; (R) TCATCTCGTTCTCCGCTCAT	286	55	[33]
Sulfonamide	Sul1	(F) TTCGGCATTCTGAATCTCAC; (R) ATGATCTAACCCTCGGTCTC	822	47	[33]
Cephalothin	blaSHV	(F) TCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCC; (R) CGCAGATAAATCACCACAATG	768	52	[33]
Ampicillin	CITM	(F) TGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAA; (R) TTTCTCCTGAACGTGGCTGGC	462	47	[33]
Chloramphenicol	cat1	(F) AGTTGCTCAATGTACCTATAACC; (R) TTGTAATTCATTAAGCATTCTGCC	547	55	[33]
Chloramphenicol	cmlA	(F) CCGCCACGGTGTTGTTGTTATC; (R) CACCTTGCCTGCCCATCATTAG	698	55	[33]