Ankle-Brachial Index Is a Powerful Predictor of Renal Outcome and Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Table 3

Cox proportional analysis for composite renal outcome.

Parameter	Univariate		Multivariate (forward)
	Hazard ratio	P value	Hazard ratio	P value
Age (per 10 years)	0.808 (0.591 to 1.104)	0.180
Male versus female	0.590 (0.267 to 1.304)	0.192
Hypertension	1.968 (0.467 to 8.296)	0.356
Diabetes mellitus	1.893 (0.901 to 3.976)	0.092
PAOD	3.285 (1.486 to 7.262)	0.003	2.719 (1.214 to 6.092)	0.015
GFR (per 10 ml/min/1.73 m^2)	0.271 (0.167 to 0.441)	<0.001	0.280 (0.162 to 0.484)	<0.001
Systolic BP (per 10 mmHg)	1.241 (1.054 to 1.463)	0.010
Diastolic BP (per 10 mmHg)	1.454 (1.053 to 2.007)	0.023
Pulse pressure (per 10 mmHg)	1.235 (0.987 to 1.544)	0.065
BMI (kg/m^2)	0.989 (0.896 to 1.092)	0.833
Albumin (per 1 g/L)	0.822 (0.772 to 0.875)	<0.001	0.890 (0.812 to 0.975)	0.013
Hb (per 1 g/L)	0.954 (0.933 to 0.976)	<0.001
Cholesterol (per 1 mmol/L)	1.224 (0.852 to 1.758)	0.274
Uric acid (per 1 μmol/L)	1.003 (1.000 to 1.006)	0.073
Calcium (per 1 mmol/L)	0.007 (0.001 to 0.095)	<0.001
Phosphate (per 1 mmol/L)	4.090 (2.117 to 7.899)	<0.001
UPCR (per 1 g/g)	1.291 (1.216 to 1.370)	<0.001	1.115 (1.010 to 1.231)	0.030

PAOD: peripheral arterial occlusive disease, GFR: glomerular filtration rate, BMI: body mass index, UPCR: urine protein/urine creatinine ratio.