Exclusive Breastfeeding and Other Foods in the First Six Months of Life: Effects on Nutritional Status and Body Composition of Brazilian Children

Table 2

Prevalence of BMI/A changes, percentage of total body fat, android region and waist circumference, and Crude odds ratio (confidence interval of 95%) according to different practices of exclusive breastfeeding and consumption of other foods in the first 6 months of life of children from 4 to 7 years, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, 2010/11.

Variables of child feeding	BMI/A (𝑧-score)				% of body fat^1				% of android region fat^1				Waist circumference^1
	>+1; 𝑛 (%)	≤+1; 𝑛 (%)	Crude OR; (IC 95%)	𝑃 value	≥P85; 𝑛 (%)	<P85; 𝑛 (%)	Crude OR; (IC 95%)	𝑃 value	≥P85; 𝑛 (%)	<P85; 𝑛 (%)	Crude OR; (IC 95%)	𝑃 value	≥P85; 𝑛 (%)	<P85; 𝑛 (%)	Crude OR; (IC 95%)	𝑃 value
Months in EBF
0	5 (13,5)	32 (86,5)	0,41 (0,14–1,19)	0,145	3 (8,1)	34 (91,9)	0,34 (0,09–1,27)	0,086	3 (8,1)	34 (91,9)	0,37 (0,38–1,78)	0,189	5 (13,5)	32 (86,5)	0,72 (0,24–2,15)	0,487
1–3	11 (17,2)	53 (82,8)	0,55 (0,24–1,23)		6 (9,4)	58 (90,6)	0,41 (0,15–1,10)		7 (10,9)	57 (89,1)	0,52 (0,10–1,37)		7 (10,9)	57 (89,1)	0,56 (0,21–1,48)
4–6	23 (27,4)	61 (72,6)	1,00	0,058*	17 (20,2)	67 (79,8)	1,00	0,042*	16 (19,0)	68 (81,0)	1,00	0,079*	15 (17,9)	69 (82,1)	1,00
Cow’s milk
Yes	15 (19,0)	64 (81,0)	0,80 (0,38–1,65)	0,547	8 (10,1)	71 (89,9)	0,55 (0,22–1,23)	0,185	9 (11,4)	79 (88,6)	0,67 (0,28–1,60)	0,369	11 (13,9)	68 (86,1)	0,71 (0,24–2,10)	0,824
No	24 (22,6)	82 (77,4)	1,00		18 (17,0)	88 (83,0)	1,00		17 (16,0)	89 (84,0)	1,00		16 (15,1)	90 (84,9)	1,00
Infant dairy formulas
Yes	11 (16,7)	55 (83,3)	0,65 (0,30–1,41)	0,273	9 (13,6)	57 (86,4)	0,95 (0,39–2,26)	0,903	12 (18,2)	54 (81,8)	1,66 (0,72–3,85)	0,229	11 (16,7)	55 (83,3)	1,28 (0,56–2,97)	0,552
No	28 (23,5)	91 (76,5)	1,00		17 (14,3)	102 (85,7)	1,00		14 (11,8)	105 (88,2)	1,00		16 (13,4)	103 (86,6)	1,00
Age of introduction of solid foods (months)^2
0–3	10 (24,4)	31 (75,6)	1,29 (0,56–2,94)	0,544	3 (7,3)	38 (92,7)	0,42 (0,12–1,49)	0,207**	4 (9,8)	37 (90,2)	0,61 (0,20–1,89)	0,392**	5 (12,2)	36 (87,8)	0,78 (0,28–2,23)	0,652
4–6	28 (20,0)	112 (80,0)	1,00		22 (15,7)	118 (84,3)	1,00		21 (15,0)	119 (85,0)	1,00		67 (15,0)	73 (85,0)	1,00

BMI: body mass index; A: age; EBF: exclusive breastfeeding; OR: odds ratio; IC: interval of confidence; 𝑃 values derived from Chi-square test, of linear tendency* and Fisher’s Exact** and*; ¹percentiles calculated from among sample children by sex and age;²4 children were not included because they were being fed artificial milk and closed service at PROLAC previously to the introduction to solid foods.