The Scientific World Journal

Research Article

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Other Foods in the First Six Months of Life: Effects on Nutritional Status and Body Composition of Brazilian Children

Table 4

Prevalence of BMI/A change, percentage of total body fat, android region and waist circumference, and Crude odds ratio (confidence interval of 95%) according to sociodemographic and lifestyle habits of children from 4 to 7 years of age, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, 2010/11.


Variables	BMI/A (-score)				% of body fat¹				% of fat in the android region¹				Waist circumference¹
Variables	>+1 (%)	≤+1 (%)	OR (IC 95%)	value	≥P85 (%)	<P85 (%)	OR (IC 95%)	value	≥P85 (%)	<P85 (%)	OR (IC 95%)	value	≥P85 (%)	<P85 (%)	OR (IC 95%)	value

Mother’s age (yrs)²
20–28	17 (25,4)	50 (74,6)	1,00	0,197	13 (19,4)	54 (80,6)	1,00	0,242	11 (16,4)	56 (83,6)	1,00	0,163	8 (11,9)	59 (88,1)	1,00	0,127
29–34	9 (13,8)	56 (86,2)	0,47 (0,19–1,15)	0,197	6 (9,2)	59 (90,8)	0,42 (0,15–1,19)	0,242	5 (7,7)	60 (92,3)	0,42 (0,14–1,30)	0,163	7 (10,8)	58 (89,2)	0,89 (0,30–2,61)	0,127
35–51	13 (25,0)	39 (75,0)	0,98 (0,42–2,26)		7 (13,5)	45 (86,5)	0,64 (0,24–1,75)		10 (19,2)	42 (80,8)	1,21 (0,47–3,12)		12 (23,1)	40 (76,9)	2,21 (0,83–5,89)
Mother’s schooling (yrs)²
>8	22 (21,6)	80 (78,4)	1,00	0,924	18 (17,6)	84 (82,4)	1,00	0,135	16 (15,7)	86 (84,3)	1,00	0,520	16 (15,7)	86 (84,6)	1,00	0,690
≤8	17 (21,0)	64 (79,0)	0,96 (0,47–1,97)		8 (9,9)	73 (90,1)	0,51 (0,21–1,24)		10 (12,3)	71 (87,7)	0,76 (0,32–1,77)	0,520	11 (13,6)	70 (86,4)	0,84 (0,36–1,93)
Income per capita (reais)³
40,57–204,00	10 (15,6)	54 (84,4)	1,00	0,345	9 (14,1)	55 (85,9)	1,00	0,975	9 (14,1)	55 (85,9)	1,00	0,446	8 (12,5)	56 (87,5)	1,00	0,178
204,37–350,0	13 (21,7)	47 (78,3)	1,49 (0,60–3,72)	0,345	8 (13,3)	52 (86,7)	0,94 (0,33–2,62)	0,975	6 (10,0)	54 (90,0)	0,68 (0,22–2,03)	0,446	6 (10,0)	54 (90,0)	0,78 (0,25–2,40)	0,178
357,0–3333,33	16 (26,2)	45 (73,8)	1,92 (0,79–4,64)	0,147 *	9 (14,8)	52 (85,2)	1,06 (0,39–2,87)		11 (18,0)	50 (82,0)	1,34 (0,51–3,51)		13 (21,3)	48 (78,7)	1,89 (0,72–4,95)
Residence
Rural	4 (28,6)	10 (71,4)	1,00	0,498**	2 (14,3)	12 (85,7)	1,00	1,000**	0 (0,0)	14 (100,0)	1,00	0,224	1 (7,1)	13 (92,9)	1,00	0,697**
Urban	35 (20,5)	136 (79,5)	0,64 (0,19–2,17)	0,498**	24 (14,0)	147 (86,0)	0,98 (0,20–4,65)	1,000**	26 (94,4)	145 (90,5)	—	0,224	26 (15,2)	145 (84,8)	2,33 (0,29–18,59)	0,697**
Time TV (hours)
≤2	16 (18,0)	73 (82,0)	1,00	0,319	11 (12,4)	78 (87,6)	1,00	0,523	9 (10,1)	80 (89,9)	1,00	0,137	11 (12,4)	78 (87,6)	1,00	0,407
>2	23 (24,0)	73 (76,0)	1,44 (0,70–2,93)		15 (15,6)	81 (84,4)	1,31 (0,56–3,03)		17 (17,7)	79 (82,3)	1,91 (0,80–4,55)		16 (16,7)	80 (83,3)	1,42 (0,62–3,24)
Hours in school⁴
>4	25 (25,5)	73 (74,5)	1,00	0,097	13 (13,3)	85 (86,7)	1,00	0,671	13 (13,3)	85 (86,7)	1,00	0,671	14 (14,3)	84 (85,7)	1,00	0,822
≤4	13 (15,5)	71 (84,5)	0,53 (0,25–1,12)		13 (15,5)	71 (84,5)	1,20 (0,52–2,75)		13 (15,5)	71 (84,5)	1,20 (0,52–2,75)		13 (15,5)	71 (84,5)	1,09 (0,48–2,49)
Time in active play (hours)⁵
>1	15 (17,9)	69 (82,1)	1,00	0,327	6 (7,1)	78 (92,9)	1,00	0,014	7 (8,3)	77 (91,7)	1,00	0,041	6 (7,1)	78 (92,9)	1,00	0,009
≤1	24 (23,8)	77 (76,2)	1,43 (0,69–2,95)	0,327	20 (19,8)	81 (80,2)	3,21 (1,22–8,41)	0,014	19 (18,8)	82 (81,2)	2,55 (1,01–6,40)	0,041	21 (20,8)	80 (79,2)	3,41 (1,31–8,90)	0,009
Time in light activities (hours)⁶
≤1	27 (24,1)	85 (75,9)	1,00	0,211	13 (11,6)	99 (88,4)	1,00	0,236	13 (11,6)	99 (88,4)	1,00	0,236	15 (13,4)	97 (86,6)	1,00	0,566
>1	12 (16,4)	61 (83,6)	0,62 (0,29–1,32)	0,211	13 (17,8)	60 (82,2)	1,65 (0,71–3,79)	0,236	13 (17,8)	60 (82,2)	1,65 (0,71–3,79)	0,236	12 (16,4)	61 (83,6)	1,27 (0,56–2,90)	0,566
Physical education⁴
Yes	22 (19,5)	91 (80,5)	1,00	0,712	19 (16,8)	94 (83,2)	1,00	0,212	19 (16,8)	94 (83,2)	1,00	0,212	19 (16,8)	94 (83,2)	1,00	0,336
No	15 (21,7)	54 (78,3)	1,14 (0,55–2,40)	0,712	7 (10,1)	62 (89,9)	0,56 (0,22–1,40)	0,212	7 (10,1)	62 (89,9)	0,56 (0,22–1,40)	0,212	8 (11,6)	61 (88,4)	0,65 (0,26–1,57)	0,336

BMI: body mass index;A: age; TV: television; OR: odds ratio; IC: interval of confidence; values derived from Chi-square test, of linear tendency* and Fisher’s Exact**; ¹percentiles calculated between children from the sample by sex and age;²; ³values categorized by tertiles; ⁴; ⁵riding a bike, play with a Ball, run, among others;⁶trolley, doll house, house, among others, or doing home work; values in bold represent statistical significance for inclusion in the multivariate analyses ( 0,20).