Research Article

Source Apportionment of PM10 by Positive Matrix Factorization in Urban Area of Mumbai, India

Table 1

Mean and standard deviations (elemental concentration in μg m−3) of species of four sites of Mumbai.

MahulKharDharaviColaba
AverageStd. devAverageStd. devAveragestdevAveragestdev
85 samples86 samples83 samples86 samples

PM10199.22883.324184.93098.427230.97474.980139.78575.721
OC37.11120.84336.72526.85546.43722.93219.8759.659
EC9.0915.9718.4446.70610.0655.4136.0353.845
Cl3.3121.9224.5683.1947.3034.1114.0532.110
SO42−12.6796.09313.2268.30913.3855.49616.8467.786
NO32.3801.8381.9871.1013.9172.6232.9972.110
Na+3.1651.6433.2481.9184.0202.2983.0141.196
NH4+5.6922.9512.6281.2053.9611.468
K+2.1960.7062.4200.6182.3811.1221.7991.005
Ca2+5.6762.1556.4263.6457.8462.6796.5825.957
Al0.3100.2120.2700.1940.2770.1910.1550.147
Ba0.1650.3330.1430.1070.1460.1120.0570.063
Cd0.0190.0190.0150.0100.0120.010
Cr0.0600.0410.0690.0620.0510.0450.0410.069
Cu0.1590.1160.1570.1180.1900.1350.0700.052
Fe13.0209.44511.4077.76511.7648.4727.2476.556
In1.5331.2331.3961.0401.6581.2020.6350.580
Mg2.8831.3332.4221.3943.3301.7302.3133.723
Mn0.3180.2200.2770.2000.2840.1960.1580.152
Ni0.0640.0410.0610.0260.0520.0390.0870.049
Pb1.8041.3900.1070.0431.1000.7720.6770.588
Se0.0530.0350.9790.5910.0230.024
Si0.8310.8080.6090.6760.9311.5091.0300.975
Sr0.0550.0280.0580.0350.0760.0440.0480.068
Ti0.5520.3520.3970.2910.4230.3210.2150.135
V0.0600.0450.0270.0110.0460.055
Zn1.8571.5121.5951.2431.7591.3620.7790.693