A Comprehensive Review on Pharmacotherapeutics of Herbal Bioenhancers

Table 18

Comparison of pharmacokinetic parameters of atenolol- and atenolol + piperine-treated male New Zealand white rats after single oral administration (100 mg/kg) [103].

Pharmacokinetic	Atenolol	Atenolol + piperine
parameters
𝐶max (pg/mL)	22,453 ± 233	37,860 ± 348
AUC0–24 (pg·h/mL)	1,07,189 ± 1615	1,52,011 ± 2354
𝑡max (h)	2.0 ± 0.0	2.0 ± 0.0
𝐾el (mL/h)	0.27 ± 0.005	0.25 ± 0.010
𝑡1/2 (h)	6.27 ± 0.057	6.72 ± 0.100
𝑉𝑑 (L)	4.54 ± 0.786	2.88 ± 0.305

n = 3, mean ± SE.