Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Suppress Lactobacillus casei Cell-Wall-Induced NF-𝜿B and MAPK Activations and Cell Proliferation through Protein Kinase A—or Exchange Protein Activated by cAMP-Dependent Signal Pathway

Figure 1

Changes in the levels of phospho-NF-κB and phospho-ERK (a) and change in cell proliferation (b) in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells after treatment with LCWE (10 μg/mL) or PGN (10 μg/mL). Each column represents the mean ± SEM. *𝑃<0.01  versus untreated controls.

(a)

(b)