Evaluation of Different Wastewater Treatment Processes and Development of a Modified Attached Growth Bioreactor as a Decentralized Approach for Small Communities

Table 3

Summary of the average percentage removal of pollutants from the biological treatment processes at optimum operating conditions.

Parameters	Samples	CASP (6 h HRT)		MBBR (3 h HRT)		PBBR (2 h HRT)
		Values	Reduction (%)	Values	Reduction (%)	Values	Reduction (%)
TSS (mg/L)	Inlet	207.6±11.15	76.78	233.4±14.60	80.03	251.2±10.25	82.08
	Outlet	48.2±1.30		46.6±1.14		45±1.58
NH3-N (mg/L)	Inlet	36.92±2.05	73.83	38.36±1.76	77.50	40.48±1.61	79.03
	Outlet	9.66±0.28		8.63±0.53		8.49±0.44
PO4-P (mg/L)	Inlet	10.38±0.83	35.64	10.55±0.64	40.28	10.62±0.67	43.31
	Outlet	6.68±0.54		6.30±0.35		6.02±0.38
MPN/100 mL	Inlet	6.06×10^6±2.7×10^6	94.25	5.56×10^6±1.70×10^6	93.27	6.62×10^6±1.95×10^6	95.44
	Outlet	3.48×10^5±1.43×10^5		3.74×10^5±1.17×10^5		3.02×10^5±1.12×10^5
TVC (cfu/mL)	Inlet	2.23×10^7±4.49×10^6	95.30	2.88×10^7±3.36×10^6	96.04	3.34×10^7±3.17×10^6	97.16
	Outlet	1.05×10^6±2.71×10^5		1.14×10^6±7.16×10^4		9.48×10^5±6.98×10^4

The values represent the mean of five replicates ± standard error (SE).