Extraction Optimization of Tinospora cordifolia and Assessment of the Anticancer Activity of Its Alkaloid Palmatine

Table 4

Chemopreventive effect of palmatine against DMBA and croton oil induced skin carcinogenesis in mice.

Treatment	Final body weight (g)	Number of papilloma	Tumor size	Average latency period^a
Group 1	37.56±5.43^∗
Group 2	22.75±11.24	10.16±5.03	2.06±0.37	10.10±5.17
Group 3	36.96±6.31^∗
Group 4	38.87±9.67^∗	1.50±1.04^∗	0.90±0.29^∗	15.73±0.58^∗
Group 5	40.12±6.89^∗	0.83±0.75^∗	0.56±0.22^∗	18.16±0.55^∗

Values with * superscripts were significant (𝑃<0.05) in comparison with Group 2.
aThe lag between the application of the promoting agent and the appearance of 50% of tumors was determined. Average latency period = ∑𝑓𝑥/𝑛; f is the number of tumors appearing each week; x is the numbers of weeks; and n is the total number of tumors.