Research Article

Performance Evaluation of Volumetric Water Content and Relative Permittivity Models

Table 3

Relative permittivity of material properties.

MaterialRelative permittivityChemical elements

Air (ε air)1N2, O2
Water (ε water)80H2O
Dry soil (ε dry soil)2–4N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, B, Cl, Na, H
Saturated soil (ε saturated soil)23–28H2O, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, B, Cl, Na, H