|
| First author (year) | Country of origin | Study period | No. of cases | No. of controls | Diagnosis of PBM | Adjusted OR | 95% CI |
|
| Case-control studies | | | | | | | |
| Kamisawa et al. [13] (2010) | Japan | 1973–2009 | 107 cases;
Asian | 159 patients without CBDC;
Asian | ERCP or PTC
Common channel >15 mm in length and a lack of effect of the sphincter of Oddi at the union of the pancreatic and biliary ducts | 1.16 | 0.49–2.75 |
|
| Matsumoto et al. [18] (2003) | Japan | 1983–2003 | 250 cases;
Asian | 2839 cases without CBDC;
Asian | ERCP
Common channel ≥10 mm in length or <10 mm and a lack of contraction of the Oddi at the union of the pancreatic and biliary ducts | 1.31 | 0.86–1.98 |
|
| Wang et al. [23] (1998) | Taiwan | 1992–1996 | 27 cases;
Asian | 653 cases;
Asian | ERCP
Common channel ≥12 mm in length and/or one duct joining perpendicularly to another | 3.76 | 1.05–13.48 |
|
| Roukounakis et al. [10] (2007) | USA | 1989–1998 | 26 cases;
Caucasian | 154 cases with normal films or nonmalignant pancreaticobiliary diseases for the same period;
Caucasian | Cholangiopancreatogram and ERCP
Common channel ≥8 mm in length or/and one duct joining perpendicularly to another | 3.32 | 0.92–11.95 |
|
| Ohuchida et al. [24] (2006) | Japan | 1979–2004 | 196 cases;
Asian | 157 benign biliary diseases cases;
Asian | ERCP and/or MRCP
Common channel ≥15 mm in length on cholangiopancreatogram and a high level of amylase in bile | 1.22 | 0.53–2.79 |
|
| Song et al. [25] (1999) | Korea | 1990–1996 | 329 cases;
Asian | 5037 cases underwent ERCP with benign biliary disease;
Asian | ERCP
The anomalous union of pancreaticobiliary duct system at a distance >15 mm from the papilla of Vater | 2.09 | 1.26–3.46 |
|
| Suda et al. [26] (1983) | Japan | 1978–1983 | 72 cases;
Asian | 171 cases randomly selected and autopsied;
Asian | Surgery | 0.98 | 0.47–2.05 |
|
| Seki et al. [27] (2005) | Japan | 1988–2003 | 38 cases;
Asian | 145 cases without CBDC;
Asian | ERCP or MRCP
Common channel ≥10 mm and an anomalous junction of the pancreatic and biliary ducts located outside the duodenal wall | 0.99 | 0.37–2.65 |
|
| Cohort studies | | | | | | | |
| Tashiro et al. [8] (2003) | Japan | 1990–1999 | 680 cases from the 141 hospitals throughout the country;
Asian | 2667 cases without biliary tract carcinoma;
Asian | ERCP or PTC
Common channel ≥15 mm in length and the junction located outside duodenal wall | 1.98 | 1.06–3.71 |
|
| Hasumi et al. [16] (2000) | Japan | 1980–1984 | 414 cases from 133 institutions;
Asian | 11,985 benign biliary cases underwent hepatobiliary tract surgery at the same 133 institutions;
Asian | ERCP or PTC
Common channel ≥15 mm in length and union free of effect of sphincter | 1.39 | 0.97–2.00 |
|
