Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization with Scout Particles for Library Materials Acquisition

Table 7

Results of DPSO with and without scout particles on two test cases.

Case	Measure	Improvement		Execution time
		Standard	Scout	Standard	Scout
I	Average	47.36%	57.21%	2.0065	1.2346
	Stdev	0.2443	0.3037	1.8070	0.7588
	Observations	480	480	480	480
	z-score	−5.5393		8.6285
	P value	0.0000		0.0000
II	Average	62.99%	81.34%	839.9745	741.0001
	Stdev	0.3015	0.4073	295.65	338.65
	Observations	160	160	160	160
	z-score	−4.5795		2.7849
	P value	0.0000		0.0054