Comparative Studies on Cellular Behaviour of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus Linn. cv. Grenadin) Grown In Vivo and In Vitro for Early Detection of Somaclonal Variation

Table 5

Comparison of percentage of nuclei in various cell cycle phases between in vivo and in vitro grown Dianthus caryophyllus root meristems.

Dianthus caryophyllus	MS media + hormone (mg L^−1)	Age	Cell cycle phase (%)			Polyploidy (%)
			G1	S	G2
In vivo	—	4-day-old; (standard growth)	—	1.32^a	3.95^a	94.74^ij
In vitro	2 mg L^−1  NAA	1-day-old	—	—	—	100.00^j
		2-day-old	—	11.32^f	27.04^g	61.64^bc
		3-day-old	—	0.67^a	36.00^h	63.33^bcd
		4-day-old	—	3.27^bc	9.15^b	87.58^ghi
		1-week-old	—	2.01^ab	22.82^f	75.17^ef
		2-week-old	1.30^b	17.63^i	20.78^de	60.39^b
		3-week-old	—	11.04^f	21.43^ef	67.53^bcde
		4-week-old	—	1.42^a	3.55^a	95.04^ij
		5-week-old	—	9.09^e	19.58^d	71.33^de
		6-week-old	1.32^b	3.97^c	9.27^b	85.43^gh
		7-week-old	0.67^a	12.67^g	20.67^de	66.00^bcde
		8-week-old	—	14.00^h	43.33^i	42.67^a
		3-month-old	—	6.08^d	13.51^c	80.41^fg
		4-month-old	0.68^a	0.68^a	4.73^a	93.92^hij
		6-month-old	—	18.75^i	10.42^b	70.83^cde

∗Means with different letters in the same column differ significantly at P < 0.05 by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test.
(—: absent/no data observed).