| | First author, year | Number of patients (age, sex) | Baseline diagnosis | Duration of illness until anti-TNF-α initiation | Anti-TNF-α therapy | Duration of anti-TNF-α therapy until diagnosis of DM/PM | Concomitant therapy during anti-TNF-α treatment | Autoantibodies before anti-TNF-α therapy | Autoantibodies after anti-TNF-α therapy | Improvement after withdrawal of anti-TNF-α therapy, treatment, and outcome |
| | Musial, 2003 [14] | 1 (52 y, F) | RA | 20 y | Infliximab | 30 mo | Pred + MTX | ANA 1: 320
dsDNA: neg
Jo-1: pos | ANA 1: 320
dsDNA 1: 20
Jo-1: pos | Yes, corticosteroids |
| | Flendrie, 2003 [15] | 1 (NA) | RA | NA | Infliximab | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| | Flendrie, 2005 [16] | 1 (52 y, F) | RA | NA | Lenercept | 2.5 mo | NA | NA | NA | Yes, NA |
| | Urata, 2006 [17] | 1 (52 y, F) | RA + pulmonary fibrosis | 33 y | Infliximab | 9 mo | Yes (pred + MTX) but only for 6 weeks | ANA 1: 640
dsDNA: neg
Jo-1: pos | ANA 1: 640
dsDNA: neg
Jo-1: pos | Yes, corticosteroids |
| | Hall, 2006 [18] | 1 (44 y, F) | Seronegative RA | 1 y | Etanercept | 6 mo | MTX | ANA: neg
Anti-CCP: neg
Jo-1: neg | ANA 1: 640
dsDNA: NA
Jo-1: pos | Yes, corticosteroids |
| | Liozon, 2007 [19] | 1 (47 y, F) | RA | 6 mo | Adalimumab | 9 mo | Pred (for 3 mo) and MTX | ANA 1: 640
dsDNA: pos
Jo-1: neg
Anti-CCP: pos | ANA 1: 2560
dsDNA: pos
Jo-1: NA
Anti-PM-Scl: pos | Yes, corticosteroids |
| |
Kiltz, 2008 [20] | 2 pts (46 y, M) | AS | 17 y | Infliximab | 6 mo | NA | ANA: neg | ANA: neg | Yes, corticosteroids | | (57 y, F) | RA | 26 y | Etanercept | 30 mo | No | ANA 1: 160 | ANA 1: 2560 | Yes, pred + cyclophosphamide, but fatal outcome sepsis due to Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii) pneumonia |
| | Ramos-Casals, 2008 [21] | 4 pts (NA) | RA | NA | Infliximab, etanercept, lenercept | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| | Brunasso, 2010 [22] | 1 (45 y, F) | RA | 13 y | Adalimumab | 34 mo | No | ANA: neg | ANA 1: 320
Jo-1: neg | Yes, corticosteroids |
| |
Klein, 2010 [23] | 3 pts (40 y, F) | RA | NA | Etanercept | 2 y | No | NA | ANA: pos
dsDNA: neg
Jo-1: neg | Partial improvement, corticosteroids, recurrence after 8 mo | | (29 y, F) | Seronegative arthritis with familiar history of psoriasis | NA | Adalimumab | 3 mo | MTX | NA | ANA 1: 640
dsDNA: neg
Jo-1: neg | Yes, corticosteroids + methotrexate + azathioprine + quinacrine | | (51 y, F) | RA | NA | Adalimumab | 2 mo | No | NA | NA | Yes, corticosteroids |
| | Ishikawa, 2011 [24] | 1 (52 y, F) | RA + NSIP | 3 y | Etanercept | 2 mo | No | ANA: pos
dsDNA: neg
Jo-1: pos
Anti-CCP: pos | ANA 1: 320
dsDNA: neg
Jo-1: pos | Yes, corticosteroids, but relapse of PM after 2 weeks |
| | Ishikawa, 2011 [24] | 1 (52 y, M) | RA + ILD | 12 y | Etanercept | 26 mo | NA | NA
Anti-PL-7 | ANA: neg | Yes, corticosteroids |
| | Ishikawa, 2011 [24] | 1 (63 y, F) | RA + NSIP | 4 mo | Etanercept | 2 mo | Tacrolimus + pred | Anti-CCP: pos
ANA: NA | ANA 1: 320
anti-PL-12: pos | Yes, corticosteroids |
| |
Riolo, 2012 [25] |
1 (36 y, M) |
Crohn’s disease |
1 y | Adalimumab | 2 weeks | No | ANA 1: 640
dsDNA: neg
Anti-U1 RNP: pos | ANA 1: 640
dsDNA: neg
Anti-U1 RNP: pos | Yes, corticosteroids + methotrexate | | Infliximab | 1 mo | Pred + MTX | ANA 1: 640
dsDNA: neg
Anti-U1 RNP: pos | ANA 1: 640
dsDNA: neg
Anti-U1 RNP: pos | Yes, corticosteroids + methotrexate |
|
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DM: dermatomyositis, PM: polymyositis, y: years, F: female, M: male, RA: rheumatoid arthritis, mo: months, ANA: antinuclear antibodies, neg: negative, pos: positive, NA: not available, pts: patients, AS: ankylosing spondilytis, NSIP: nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, ILD: interstitial lung disease.
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