PET and PET/CT with ⁶⁸Gallium-Labeled Somatostatin Analogues in Non GEP-NETs Tumors

Table 1

Somatostatin receptor subtypes expression in different tumors.

SSTR subtypes expression		References
Astrocytoma	SSTR1, SSTR2, and SSTR3 in variable percentages	[89]
Breast cancer	All of the five SSTR subtypes (predominantly SSTR2)	[90]
Colorectal cancer	Predominantly SSTR1 followed by SSTR5 and SSTR2	[91]
DTC	All of the five SSTR subtypes (predominantly SSTR2 and SSTR3)	[92]
Ependymoma	Commonly SSTR1 or SSTR5	[92]
Gastric carcinoma	Commonly SSTR2 and SSTR5, although SSTR3 is detected in several cases	[93]
GBM	Mainly SSTR3 followed by SSTR2 and SSTR1	[89]
GEP-NET	Predominantly SSTR1 and SSTR2 although SSTR5 is also often detected	[94]
GIST	All of the five SSTR subtypes in variable percentages	[95, 96]
HCC	Mainly SSTR5, although SSTR1, SSTR2, and SSTR3 are also often detected	[97]
Lymphoma	Mainly SSTR2 and SSTR3	[98]
Medulloblastoma	Mainly SSTR2	[94]
Melanoma	All of the five SSTR subtypes (predominantly SSTR1)	[99]
Meningioma	All of the five SSTR subtypes (predominantly SSTR1 and SSTR2)	[100]
Merkel cell carcinoma	Mainly SSTR2	[101]
MTC	All of the five SSTR subtypes (predominantly SSTR 2 and SSTR5)	[102, 103]
Neuroblastoma	Mainly SSTR2	[94]
NSCLC	Mainly SSTR2 and SSTR5 and, at lower level, SSTR3	[104]
Paraganglioma	Predominantly SSTR2 and SSTR1	[94]
PCa	All of the five SSTR subtypes (predominantly SSTR1)	[105, 106]
Phaeochromocytoma	Predominantly SSTR2 and SSTR1	[94]
Pituitary adenoma	Typical pattern of SSTR expression according to the secreting cells from which they originate:	[107–112]
	GH secreting: mostly SSTR2 and SSTR5, often together
	ACTH secreting: predominantly SSTR2 together with SSTR5
	PRL secreting: predominantly SSTR1 and SSTR5
	TSH secreting: SSTR2 is mainly coexpressed with SSTR3 and SSTR5
	Clinically non-functioning: SSTR3 is highly expressed, followed by SSTR2 and, at lower level, SSTR5
Renal cell carcinoma	Mainly SSTR2	[94]
Sarcoma	Mainly SSTR2	[94]
SCLC	Mainly SSTR2	[94]

SSTR: somatostatin receptor; DTC: differentiated thyroid cancer; GBM: glioblastoma multiforme; GEP-NET: gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor; GIST: gastrointestinal stromal tumor; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; MTC: medullary thyroid cancer; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; PCa: prostate cancer; GH: growth hormone; ACTH: adrenocorticotropic hormone; PRL: prolactin; TSH: thyrotropin; SCLC: small cell lung cancer.