The Scientific World Journal

Review Article

Mitral Valve Surgery in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Table 2

Reported cases of mitral valve replacement in SLE patients.


First author	Year	Age/sex	Disease	Mitral pathology	Type of surgery	Outcome

Reilly [21]	1988	f/NR	SLE	MS	MVR, biologic valve	24 m follow-up

Hussain [22]	1993	f/NR	SLE	MS	MVR, mechanical valve	NR

Hoffer [23] Yilmaz [24]	1999 2008	f/NR	SLE	MS restenosis	MVR, mechanical valve Redo MVR	Died in 3rd post-op dad due to cerebral hemorrhage

Hakim [16]	2001	f/29	SLE	MS (calcified, thickened leaflet)	MVR, mechanical valve	Died on second day due to renal failure

Hakim [16]	2001	m/59	SLE	MS, AI (thickened, fibrotic, and scarring)	AVR, MVR, and mechanical valve	NP

Hakim [16]	2001	f/37	SLE	MS (thickened, fibrotic) Recurrent MS (valve fixed in open position)	MVR, mechanical valve Redo MVR, mechanical valve 1 year ago	NP Died on day 4 due to valve thrombosis

Hakim [16]	2001	m/45	SLE	MS (fibrotic, calcified, and inflamed)	MVR, biologic valve	NP

Hakim [16]	2001	f/31	SLE	MS (fused chordae)	MVR, mechanical valve	NP

Hakim [16]	2001	f/16	SLE	MR (Libman-Sacks endocarditis)	MVR	NP

Hakim [16]	2001	m/30	SLE	MR, AI (ruptured chordae, muciform degeneration)	AVR/MVR, mechanical valve	NP

Hakim [16]	2001	f/40	SLE + APS	MS	MVR, biologic valve	36 m follow-up

Hakim [16]	2001	f/49	SLE + APS	Libman-Sacks endocarditis	MVR, AVR, NR	NR

Hakim [16]	2001	f/38	SLE	MR (Libman-Sacks endocarditis)	MVR, mechanical valve	NP

Hakim [16]	2001	f/66 f/40 f/25	SLE	MS (calcified, thick) MR (prolapsed leaflet) MR, AI (perforated leaflet, endocarditis)	MVR, NR MVR, NR AVR/MVR, NR	NR NR NR

Hakim [16]	2001	f/16 m/4	SLE SLE	MR (fibrotic, calcified, thick, ulcerated valve and chordate) MS (thickened, fibrotic ring and chordae)	MVR MVR	NP Died after 3 years

Hakim [16]	2001	m/44	SLE	MR (fibrotic, ruptured chordae)	MVR, NR	NR

Hakim [16]	2001	f/39	SLE + APS	MR (chordae rupture)	MVR, biologic valve	48 m follow-up

Hakim [16]	2001	f/17	SLE	MR(fused chordae, thickened valve)	MVR, mechanical valve	NR
		f/40	SLE	MR (dilated valve ring, fibrotic)	MVR, mechanical valve	Mediastinitis
		f/45	SLE	MR (fibrotic, calcified, thick, and retracted)	MVR, mechanical valve	NR

Hakim [16]	2001	f/23	SLE	MR	MVR, mechanical valve	12 m follow-up
		f/45	SLE	MR, AI (retracted, thick valve)	MVR, AVR, and mechanical valve	7 y follow-up
		f/64	SLE	MR (pink leaflet, fragile chordae)	MVR, mechanical valve	3 y follow-up

Hakim [16]	2001	f/36	SLE + APS	NR	MVR, NP	Died at 1 year, hemorrhagic CVA

Hasegawa [25]	2001	f/51	SLE + APS	MS	MVR, NR	NR

Lan [4]	2005	m/22	SLE	MR	MVR, NR	NR

Gorki [17]	2008	f/42	SLE + APS	NR	MVR, mechanical valve	NR

Gorki [17]	2008	f/29	SLE + APS	NR	MVR, mechanical valve	24 m follow-up

Gorki [17]	2008	f/41	SLE + APS	MR, MS	MVR, NR	48 m follow-up

Gorki [17]	2008	f/45	SLE + APS	NR	MVR, NR	NR

Gorki [17]	2008	f/39	SLE + APS	NR	MVR, biologic valve	108 m follow-up

Gorki [17]	2008	f/46	SLE + APS	NR	MVR, mechanical valve	NR

Gorki [17]	2008	f/31	SLE + APS	NR	MVR, mechanical valve	2 m follow-up

Gorki [17]	2008	f/48 f/43 f/38 f/51 f/54	SLE + APS SLE + APS SLE + APS SLE + APS SLE + APS	NR NR NR NR NR	MVR, mechanical valve, TV repair MVR, mechanical valve, TV repair MVR, mechanical valve MVR, mechanical valve MVR, mechanical valve	Death in 1st day Death in 22nd day 32 m follow-up 33 m follow-up 6 m follow-up

Gorki [17]	2008	f/31	SLE + APS	MR	MVR, mechanical valve	2 m follow-up

Gorki [17]	2008	f/38	SLE + APS	NR	MVR, mechanical valve	NR

Bouma [5]	2010	f/22	SLE	MR (ruptured chordae, thickened valve)	MVR, biologic valve	Alive 2 months post-op

Bouma [5]	2010	f/18	SLE	MR, MS (ruptured chordae, calcified, thickened fibrotic, scarring)	MVR, biologic valve	Alive 4 months post-op

Bouma [5]	2010	f/27	SLE	MR (ruptured chordae)	MVR, biologic valve	NP

Bouma [5]	2010	m/51	SLE	MR (ruptured chordae)	MVR, biologic valve	NP

Bouma [5]	2010	f/20	SLE	MR (fused chordae)	MVR, mechanical valve	CVA 17 months later

Bouma [5]	2010	m/43	SLE	MR (retracted, fused valve)	MVR, mechanical valve	4 y follow-up

Bouma [5]	2010	f/54	SLE	AI, MR (central perforation, vegetation)	AVR/MVR, biologic valve	26 m follow-up

Bouma [5]	2010	f/22 f/67	SLE SLE	MR (inflammatory, fibrinoid necrosis) MR (fibrotic, calcified)	MVR, biologic valve MVR, mechanical valve	NR died intraoperatively

Bouma [5]	2010	m/34	SLE	MS, AI (fibrotic, calcified, and thick)	MVR, AVR, biologic valve	30 m follow-up

Bouma [5]	2010	m/37	SLE + APS	MR, AI	MVR, AVR, and biologic valve Redo MVR after 1 y	Recurrent A-V fistula died 1 m after redoing MVR

Bouma [5]	2010	f/49	SLE + APS	NR	MVR, NR	NR

Bouma [5]	2010	f/54	SLE + APS	MR	MVR, biologic valve	Death 9 m postoperative

Bouma [5]	2010	f/44	SLE	MR	MVR, mechanical valve	6 m follow-up

Bouma [5]	2010	f/57	SLE + APS	MR	MVR, mechanical valve	MI in 2nd day, 2 m follow-up

Bouma [5]	2010	f/28	SLE + APS	MR	MVR, mechanical valve	NR

Kondo [26]	2010	f/56	SLE + secondary amyloidosis	MR	MVR, mechanical valve	New vegetation on replaced valve and multiorgan failure caused her death 3 m later

Bouma [5]	2010	m/56	SLE	MR	MVR, mechanical valve	18 m follow-up

Colli [27]	2010	m/37 f/32	SLE + APS SLE + APS	MR	MVR, mechanical valve MVR, biologic valve	Died on 8th day postoperative to massive ischemic stroke 5-year follow-up

Morisaki [28]	2012	f/41	SLE + APS	MS, MR	MVR	NR

Nowicka [12]	2012	f/24	SLE	MR	MVR, mechanical valve	NR

Soeiro [29]	2012	f/45	SLE + APS	MS, early structural valve deterioration, MVR (biologic valve) due to endocarditis 9 y ago	MVR, mechanical valve	NR

El-Mohamady [30]	2013	f/30	SLE + APS	MS, history of acute myocardial infarction and cerebral thromboembolic events	MVR, biologic valve	NR

AI: aortic insufficiency, APS: antiphospholipid syndrome, AS: aortic stenosis, AVR: aortic valve replacement, CABG: coronary artery bypass graft, CAD: coronary artery disease, CHF: congestive heart failure, CVA: cerebrovascular accident f: female, m: male, m: month(s), MR: mitral regurgitation, MS: mitral stenosis, MVR: mitral valve replacement, NR: not reported, OMVC: open mitral valve commissurotomy, RF: rheumatic fever, SLE: systemic lupus erythematous, TIA: transient ischemic attack, TV: tricuspid valve, VF: ventricular fibrillation, and y: year.