Enhancement of BDNF Concentration and Restoration of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Accompany Reduced Depressive-Like Behaviour in Stressed Ovariectomised Rats Treated with Either Tualang Honey or Estrogen

Figure 1

Effects of E2 and Tualang honey treatments on depressive-like behaviour. (a) Swimming time (b) immobility time, and (c) struggling time/5 minutes. Each column represents the mean ± SEM of 10 rats; ^a𝑃<0.05 compared with the stressed OVX group; ^b𝑃<0.05 compared with the sham group.

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