Invasive and Ultrasound Based Monitoring of the Intracranial Pressure in an Experimental Model of Epidural Hematoma Progressing towards Brain Tamponade on Rabbits

Figure 4

(Left panel) Ultrasound measurements (volume of autologous blood volume infusion = 0.8 mL) by means of the “dark stripe” method depicting an increased ONSD of 2.6 mm in a rabbit with increased ICP (30 mm Hg). (Right panel) TCCD waveforms depicting sequentially: a normal PI (top, volume of autologous blood infusion = 0.1 mL, ICP = 7 mm Hg), an increased PI of 1.3 (middle, volume of autologous blood infusion = 0.6 mL, ICP = 21 mm Hg, and oscillating flow soon after the occurrence of the Cushing reaction (bottom, volume of autologous blood infusion = 1 mL, ICP =40 mm Hg).