Brachiaria ruziziensis Responses to Different Fertilization Doses and to the Attack of Mahanarva spectabilis (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) Nymphs and Adults
Table 1
Leaf damage (damage score) and regrowth (%) of Brachiaria ruziziensis cultivated under recommended (R), half of recommended (H), and control (C) fertilization and exposed to different Mahanarva spectabilis nymphs and adults densities.
Fertilization doses
Nymphs density
0
5
15
30
Leaf damage
C
1.0 ± 0.0 A
2.8 ± 0.3 A
4.1 ± 0.3 A
4.5 ± 0.2 A
H
1.0 ± 0.0 A
1.6 ± 0.1 B
2.6 ± 0.2 B
3.6 ± 0.3 B
R
1.0 ± 0.0 A
1.9 ± 0.2 B
3.1 ± 0.2 B
3.4 ± 0.1 B
P
1.000
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
F
0.000
12.490
17.709
10.668
Regrowth (%)
C
90.0 ± 10.0 A
40.0 ± 16.3 B
10.0 ± 10.0 A
0 ± 0.0 A
H
100.0 ± 0.0 A
80.0 ± 13.3 A
10.0 ± 10.0 A
20 ± 13.3 A
R
80.0 ± 13.3 A
90.0 ± 10.0 A
0.0 ± 0.0 A
0 ± 0.0 A
P
0.3871
0.002
0.728
0.289
F
0.948
6.639
0.316
1.243
Fertilization doses
Adults density
0
10
P
F
Leaf damage
C
0 ± 0.0 Ab
3.9 ± 0.14 Aa
<0.001
333.333
H
0 ± 0.0 Ab
3.1 ± 0.14 Ba
<0.001
187.500
R
0 ± 0.0 Ab
2.7 ± 0.18 Ca
<0.001
120.000
P
1.000
<0.001
F
0.000
27.220
Regrowth (%)
C
100.0 ± 0.0 Aa
0.0 ± 0.0 Bb
<0.001
52.500
H
100.0 ± 0.0 Aa
71.4 ± 18.4 Ab
0.047
4.286
R
100.0 ± 0.0 Aa
86.7 ± 14.3 Aa
0.309
1.071
P
1.000
<0.001
F
0.000
22.143
Means values followed by the same small letter in the row and by the same capital letter in the column are not significant (ANOVA followed by a Tukey test ( ≤ 0.05)). P and F are values of variance analysis.
