Distribution of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidative Activities of Rice Kernel and Their Relationships with Agronomic Practice

Table 1

Phytochemicals of two rice cultivars (mean values of 2 years) as affected by treatments (conventional or organic).

Factors		Total phenolic content (mg GAE/100 g FW)	Reducing power; (abs. reading)	DPPH (%)	Flavonoid; (mg QAE/g fw)	Ferrous chelating (%)
Treatments	Conventional	167.4^a	0.027^a	34.5^b	18.2^a	35.6^b
	Organic	162.7^a	0.025^a	38.4^a	19.4^a	46.6^a
Cultivars	TK-16	151.5^b	0.028^a	32.4^b	14.9^b	30.1^b
	KSH-139	178.6^a	0.023^b	40.4^a	22.8^a	52.1^a
-values
	Properties	****	****	****	**	****
	Season (S)	*	****	****	ns	****
	Treatment (T)	ns	ns	*	ns	****
	Cultivar (C)	****	****	****	***	****
	S * T	****	ns	*	ns	****
	S * C	***	****	****	*	*
	T * C	ns	ns	ns	ns	**
	S * T * C	*	ns	ns	**	***

Values for each parameter followed by a different letter within each column are significantly different, ≤ 0.05 (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test). Abs. = absorbance at 700 nm; GAE = Gallic Acid Equivalent; QAE = Quercetin Acid Equivalent; ns = values statistically nonsignificant ( > 0.05). * = ≤ 0.05; ** = ≤ 0.01; *** = ≤ 0.001; **** = ≤ 0.0001.