A Perspective Review on Numerical Simulations of Hemodynamics in Aortic Dissection

Table 1

Summary of the numerical simulation settings for aortic dissection.

Number	Imaging modalities	Geometrical parameters	Number of patients	Flow	Blood property	Wall	Multiphase/single phase	Reference
Realistic geometry
1	CT and MRA	—	2	Laminar	Newtonian	Rigid	Single phase	[46]
2	CT	—	4	Transitional flow	Newtonian	Rigid	Single phase	[47]
3	CT	Inlet diameter (ascending aorta) = 36.0 mm	1	Transitional flow	Newtonian and non-Newtonian (Quemada model)	Rigid	Single phase	[20]
4	CT	—	2	Laminar	Newtonian	Rigid	Single phase	[7]
5	CT	—	1	Laminar	Newtonian	Rigid	Single phase	[27]
6	CT	—	12	Laminar	Newtonian	Rigid	Rigid	[25]
7	CT	—	1	Laminar	Newtonian	Rigid	Rigid	[26]
8	MRI	—	1	Laminar	Newtonian	Rigid	Single phase	[21]
9	MRI	—	1	Laminar	Newtonian	Rigid	Single phase	[23]
10	MRI	—	1	Laminar	Newtonian	Rigid	Single phase	[22]
11	MRI	—	1	Laminar	Newtonian	Rigid	Single phase	[17]
12	MRA	—	6			Prescribed wall movement		[24]
13	CT	—	1	Laminar	Newtonian	FSI	Single phase	[48]
Ideal geometry
14	—	Inlet diameter (ascending aorta) = 30.0 mm; Curvature diameter of the aortic arch =; 93.0 mm; Intimal flap thickness = 2 mm	—	Laminar	Newtonian fluid	Rigid	Single phase	[28]
15	—	Inlet diameter (ascending aorta) = 30.0 mm; Curvature diameter of the aortic arch =; 120.0 mm	—	Turbulent: k-epsilon	Newtonian fluid	Rigid	Single phase	[16]
16	—	Inlet diameter (ascending aorta) = 20.0 mm; Intimal flap thickness = 2 mm	—	Laminar	Newtonian fluid	Rigid	Single phase	[19]
17	—	Inlet diameter (ascending aorta) = 25.0 mm	—	Turbulent: SST k-w	Non-Newtonian: RBC; Newtonian: plasma; Newtonian: leukocyte	Rigid	Three-phase flow	[18]
18	—	—	—	—	Newtonian	FSI	Single phase	[31]
19	—	—	—	Turbulent: SST k-w	Newtonian	FSI	Single phase	[33]