Clinical Study
Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Ureterolithotomy for Proximal Ureteral Calculi in Selected Patients
Table 1
The characteristics of patients and perioperative data.
| | Sex (male/female) | 116/81 | | Mean age (y) (range) | 41 (20–73) | | Side of disorder (left/right) | 89/108 | | Mean size of ureteral calculi (mm) (range) | 22 (14–35) | | Indications | | | Large stones | 139 (70.5) | | Abnormal anatomy or ureteral stricture | 47 (23.9) | Severe hydronephrosis or prior failure of
treatment with SWL or URS | 11 (5.6) | | Mean operating time (min) (range) | 87 (65–165) | | Mean estimated blood loss (mL) (range) | 64 (20–150) | | Postoperative hospital stay (d) (range) | 3.6 (2–7) | | Clearance in follow-up of four weeks (%) | 194 (98.5) | | Complications | | | Migration back to pelvis of calculi (%) | 3 (1.5) | | Urine leak (%) | 5 (2.5) | | Ureteral stricture (%) | 2 (1.0) |
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