Comparative Study of Heavy Metals in Dried and Fluid Milk in Peshawar by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Table 2

Concentration of toxic mineral elements (ppm) in milk.

Milk group		Toxic mineral elements
		Lead	Cadmium	Chromium	Nickel
	Total
	Mean + SD	0.0091 + 0.01	0.1507 + 0.28	0.0007 + 0.00	0.0146 + 0.01
	Range	0.0001–0.03	0.01–1.20	0.0001–0.003	0.002–0.032
Dried	Infant formula
	Mean + SD	0.0177 + 0.01 NS	0.3545 + 0.40*	0.0015 + 0.00 NS	0.0277 + 0.00 NS
	Range	0.01–0.03	0.09–1.18	0.001–0.003	0.022–0.032
	Powdered
	Mean + SD	0.0170 + 0.01 NS	0.2110 + 0.35*	0.0014 + 0.00 NS	0.0202 + 0.01 NS
	Range	0.01–0.03	0.04–1.20	0.001–0.002	0.002–0.032
Liquid	Fresh
	Mean + SD	0.0035 + 0.01 NS	0.0408 + 0.07*	0.0001 + 0.00 NS	0.0065 + 0.00 NS
	Range	0.0001–0.015	0.01–0.25	0.0001–0.0003	0.003–0.009
	Processed
	Mean + SD	0.0006 + 0.00 NS	0.0325 + 0.02*	0.0001 + 0.00 NS	0.0066 + 0.00 NS
	Range	0.0001–0.0015	0.01–0.09	0.0001–0.0003	0.004–0.009

∗Significant at 𝑃<0.05 (ANOVA/LSD).
NS: nonsignificant.