Research Article
Cost-Benefit Analysis and Emission Reduction of Energy Efficient Lighting at the Universiti Tenaga Nasional
Table 6
LCC analysis for the 20 W LED tube replacing Philips 36 W fluorescent tube.
| Variables | Value | Unit |
| LED-wattage | 20 | Watts | LED-single unit cost | RM60.00 | Ringgit | Existing light-wattage | 36 | Watts | Existing light-single unit cost | RM10.00 | Ringgit | Number of lamps | 8751 | Lamp(s) | Running time per day | 8 | Hours | Operational days (per year) | 260 | Days | Cost of energy/kWh | RM0.39 | Ringgit |
| Calculations | Existing system | LED |
| Electrical costs | | | Electrical load of lamp(s) | 315036 | 175020 | Running time per year | 2080 | 2080 | Energy consumed per year (kWh) | 655274.88 | 364041.6 | Electrical demand saving (kWh) | 0 | 291233.28 | Total cost of energy (per year) | RM257,523.03 | RM143,068.35 | Saving the electrical fees (per year) | RM0.00 | RM114,454.68 | Capital requirements | | | Purchase requirements Cost | RM87,510.00 | RM525,060.00 | Installation cost per unit | RM2.00 | RM1.00 | Installation costs | RM17,502.00 | RM8,751.00 | Total capital investment requirements | RM105,012.00 | RM533,811.00 | Net investment requirement | RM0.00 | RM428,799.00 | Maintenance requirements | | | Life time of lamp (operating hours) | 15000 | 50000 | Replacements required (per year) | 1213.47 | 364.04 | Replacement costs (per year) | RM12,134.72 | RM21,842.50 | Installation cost per new unit | RM2.00 | RM1.00 | Maintenance costs (per year) | RM2,426.94 | RM364.04 | Total maintenance costs (per year) | RM14,561.66 | RM22,206.54 | Saving maintenance (per year) | RM0.00 | −RM7,644.87 | ROI results | | | Total operating cost (per year) | RM272,084.69 | RM165,274.89 | Total savings first year Saving the electrical fees + savings maintenance | RM0.00 | RM106,809.81 | Payback period in years Time to payback capital requirement cost | n/a | 4.01 | LED return on investment (ROI) over 10 years | RM0.00 | RM534,287.05 |
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