Clinical Factors Associated with Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Male Patients with Infertility

Table 3

The correlations among the sperm DFI and causes of male infertility and regular alcohol intake and smoking status.

Parameter	DFI (%, mean ± S.D.)	𝑃 values
Cause of male infertility
Idiopathic (𝑛=21)	41.3 ± 21.9	0.9963
Varicocele (𝑛=33)	41.3 ± 22.9
Chronic alcohol use
(+) (𝑛=27)	49.6 ± 23.3	0.0084*
(−) (𝑛=27)	33.9 ± 18.0
Current smoking
(+) (𝑛=10)	51.3 ± 21.8	0.1357
(−) (𝑛=43)	39.7 ± 21.9

DFI: DNA fragmentation index; S.D.: standard deviation; ∗statistically significant (Student’s 𝑡-test).