Research Article
Efficient Constraint Handling in Electromagnetism-Like Algorithm for Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows
Table 6
Computational results on benchmark set 3.
| | Data set | Exact | EMA-VP | Beam-ACO | CA | Heuristic | | TW. width | VOL | Optimal value | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 20
| 20 | 106.17 | 361.2 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 0 | | 40 | 87.56 | 316.0 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 0 | | 60 | 86.78 | 309.8 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 0 | | 80 | 76.96 | 311.0 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 0 | | 100 | 54.02 | 275.2 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 0 |
| 40
| 20 | 53.11 | 486.6 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.00 | 3 | | 40 | 60.02 | 461.0 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10 | 0.00 | 3 | | 60 | 72.14 | 416.4 | 4 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 12 | 0.00 | 5 | | 80 | 79.09 | 399.8 | 8 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.05 | 0.25 | 12 | 0.00 | 5 | | 100 | 94.57 | 377.0 | 31 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.11 | 0.27 | 12 | 0.00 | 6 |
| 60
| 20 | 51.06 | 581.6 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 13 | 0.00 | 8 | | 40 | 58.64 | 590.2 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.12 | 0.41 | 16 | 0.00 | 37 | | 60 | 67.29 | 560.0 | 7 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 10 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 5 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 16 | 0.00 | 11 | | 80 | 77.25 | 508.0 | 47 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 10 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 6 | 0.24 | 0.39 | 16 | 0.20 | 18 | | 100 | 88.08 | 514.8 | 200 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 11 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 12 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 16 | 0.31 | 26 |
| 80
| 20 | 51.98 | 676.6 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 14 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.03 | 0.24 | 20 | 0.00 | 43 | | 40 | 59.14 | 630.0 | 3 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 9 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 21 | 0.00 | 69 | | 60 | 68.79 | 606.4 | 55 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 12 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 21 | 1.72 | 89 | | 80 | 72.67 | 593.8 | 220 | 0.33 | 0.09 | 15 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 14 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 21 | 0.10 | 60 |
| 100
| 20 | 47.58 | 757.6 | 103 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 19 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 24 | 0.00 | 175 | | 40 | 57.25 | 701.8 | 129 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 19 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 12 | 0.06 | 0.14 | 25 | 0.14 | 1 | | | 60 | 67.98 | 696.6 | 148 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 19 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 13 | 0.17 | 0.43 | 25 | 0.00 | 148 |
| 150
| 20 | 47.82 | 868.4 | 2 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 27 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 16 | 0.12 | 0.21 | 36 | 0.02 | 420 | | 40 | 55.76 | 834.8 | 116 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 27 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 13 | 0.11 | 0.26 | 36 | 0.22 | 5 | | 60 | 61.56 | 805.0 | 463 | 2.44 | 0.39 | 27 | 2.09 | 0.21 | 18 | 2.10 | 0.60 | 37 | 1.91 | 630 |
| 200
| 20 | 47.86 | 1009.0 | 7 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 37 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 61 | 0.13 | 0.24 | 50 | 0.10 | 1456 | | 40 | 55.19 | 984.2 | 251 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 38 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 80 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 50 | 0.12 | 2106 |
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