A Modified Active Appearance Model Based on an Adaptive Artificial Bee Colony

Algorithm 1

Initialize population with random solutions.

Evaluate fitness of the population.

While (stopping criterion not met)

//Forming new population.

Select sites for neighborhood search.

Recruit bees for selected sites (more bees for best 𝑒 sites) and evaluate fitness.

Select the fittest bee from each patch.

Assign remaining bees to search randomly and evaluate their fitness.

End While.