One-Year Follow-Up of the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy for Patients’ Depression: A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Controlled Study

Table 4

GEE analysis of HRSD results.

Variable		SE	Wald	value
Group (EXP)	2.707	1.9923	1.846	0.174
Time (2nd)^⊕		0.8487	0.195	0.659
Time (3rd)^⊕	1.563	1.0743	2.115	0.146
Time (4th)^⊕	2.063	1.2476	2.733	0.098
Time (5th)^⊕	8.281	1.9381	18.257	< 0.001^*
Interactions
Group (EXP) × time (2nd)^#		1.8316	290.621	< 0.001^*
Group (EXP) × time (3rd)^#		1.9646	236.233	< 0.001^*
Group (EXP) × time (4th)^#		2.2523	167.648	< 0.001^*
Group (EXP) × time (5th)^#		2.7467	169.381	< 0.001^*

HRSD, Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression; GEE, generalized estimating equation; EXP, the experimental group; CON, the control group.
^* < 0.001.
Reference group, the control group.
^⊕Reference group, time (1st).
^#Reference group, group (CON) × time (1st).
“2nd”: the measurement at the end of therapy.
“3rd”: the measurement 3 months after group therapy.
“4th”: the measurement 6 months after group therapy.
“5th”: the measurement 12 months after group therapy.