section 316 clean water act requir coolingwat intak structur cwis use best technolog availabl bta minim advers environment impact aei the epa has defin aei clear consensus regard it definit nonetheless oper definit necessari evalu design altern measur success mitig measur rather than have develop measur aquat health high sitespecif controversi often unlik elicit agreement from all side environment fenc may more product use exist ecolog assess tool aquatic life uses alu alreadi provid regulatori framework assess qualiti health aquat communiti various habitat warmwat habitat except warmwat habitat attainment alu indic further point sourc control unnecessari wherea nonattain indic those pollut stressor caus nonattain must reduc similar approach exist water intak recommend that attain design alu taken indic aei although attain alu may foolproof indic lack aei approach seem more reason use scarc monetari resourc fix problem like exist have both regul regul communiti expend resourc debat whether various observ biolog respons constitut aei

Greg Seegert

Using Attainment of the Designated Aquatic Life Use to Determine Adverse Environmental Impact

examin consequ ignor distinct between measur error natur variabl assess risk hudson river stock stripe bass pose entrain bowlin point indian point roseton power plant risk defin probabl recruit age1 stripe bass would declin 80 more relat equilibrium valu least onc dure time period examin 1 5 10 15 year measur error estim use two abund indic from independ beach sein survey conduct hudson river account 50 variabl one index 56 variabl other measur error 50 ignor all variabl abund attribut natur caus risk recruit age1 stripe bass would declin 80 more after 15 year 0308 current level entrain mortal 11 howev risk decreas almost tenfold 0032 measur error 50 consid the chang risk attribut decreas entrain mortal rate from 11 0 veri small 0009 similar magnitud chang risk associ action propos amendment 5 interstat fisheri manag plan atlantic stripe bass 0006 increas instantan fish mortal rate from 033 04 the propos increas fish mortal consid advers environment impact which suggest potenti cost effort reduc entrain mortal hudson river stock stripe bass warrant

Dennis J. Dunning

Quentin E. Ross

Stephan B. Munch

Lev R. Ginzburg

Measurement Error Affects Risk Estimates for Recruitment to the Hudson River Stock of Striped Bass

the differ between manag object focus sustain fish popul indigen aquat communiti manag object focus minim entrain imping loss account much ongo controversi surround 316 describ epa ecolog risk assess framework recommend framework use more effect address differ manag object structur 316 determin provid blueprint problem formul phase epatype ecolog risk assess coolingwat intak structur cwis exist power plant facil our manag object assess endpoint conceptu model generic analysi plan appli all exist facil howev adapt problem formul process specif facil requir consider permit agenc guidelin level regulatori concern well sitespecif ecolog technic differ the facilityspecif problem formul phase design around hierarchi biolo gical level organ generic conceptu model sequenc causeeffect event risk hypothes repres model problem formul design flexibl can tailor facil where 316 regulatori concern low high for some facil anticip assess can complet base consider suscept alon other extrem high level regulatori concern combin avail extens inform consider cost cwis mitig option may result ecolog risk assess reli analys all level decis whether extend ecolog risk assess addit level should base whether regulatori generat concern merit addit analys whether avail inform adequ support analys make decis function depend between level analysi must consid make transit analysi phase risk estim compon ecolog risk assess regardless how generic analysi plan modifi develop facilityspecif analysi plan result plan should view tool compar repres speci altern cwis option focus relat chang proport percent chang various measur the analysi plan specif design encourag consider multipl line evid character uncertainti each line evid multipl line evid from differ level analysi obtain use both prospect retrospect techniqu provid broader perspect magnitud potenti effect associ uncertainti risk the implic epa recent april 2002 propos regul exist facil applic blueprint briefli consid

Webster Van Winkle

William P. Dey

Steve M. Jinks

Mark S. Bevlhimer

Charles C. Coutant

A Blueprint for the Problem Formulation Phase of EPA-Type Ecological Risk Assessments for 316(b) Determinations

sinc passag clean water act 1972 has been long unresolv struggl defin key phrase section 316 act advers environment impact aei section 316 requir best technolog avail use coolingwat intak structur minim aei due entrain imping aquat organ various attempt were made evalu defin aei includ focus nation confer impact assess unresolv argument regard aei were reinvigor follow 1995 consent decre requir epa propos new rule implement section 316 this articl review compar eight propos definit aei six definit defin aei impact express popul higher level biolog organ the two remain definit unrel popul 1 crop nearfield organ one fish equal aei the latter definit base desir some stakehold defin aei loss ani public trust resourc equat loss public trust resourc aei hamper consensus definit becaus societalbas polici concept public trust resourc commingl sciencebas definit base popul effect recommend populationbas definit aei incorpor section 316 guidanc observ preclud state from exercis it law polici protect public trust resourc

David A. Mayhew

Paul H. Muessig

Loren D. Jensen

Adverse Environmental Impact: 30-Year Search for a Definition

evalu impact entrain imping salem gener station fish popul communiti delawar estuari absenc agreedupon regulatori definit advers environment impact aei develop three independ benchmark aei base observ predict chang could threaten sustain popul integr communityour benchmark aei includ 1 disrupt balanc indigen communiti fish vicin salem bic analysi 2 continu downward trend abund one more suscept fish speci trend analysi 3 occurr entrain imping mortal suffici combin fish mortal jeopard futur sustain one more popul stock jeopardi analysi the bic analysi util near 30 year speci presenc absenc data collect immedi vicin salem the trend analysi examin three independ data set document trend abund juvenil fish throughout estuari over past 20 year the stock jeopardi analysi use two differ assess model quantifi potenti longterm impact entrain imping suscept fish popul for one model compensatori capac model speci were quantifi through metaanalysi spawnerrecruit data avail sever hundr fish stocksall three analys indic fish popul communiti delawar estuari healthi show evid advers impact due salem although specif model analys use salem applic everi facil believ weight evid approach evalu multipl benchmark aei use both retrospect predict method best approach assess entrain imping impact exist facil

Lawrence W. Barnthouse

Douglas G. Heimbuch

Vaughn C. Anthony

Ray W. Hilborn

Ransom A. Myers

Indicators of AEI Applied to the Delaware Estuary

two multimetr indic have been develop help address fish communiti reservoir fish assemblag index rfai individu popul qualiti sport fish index sfi tennesse river reservoir the rfai characterist similar index biotic integr ibi use stream fish communiti determin develop monitor exist condit resid fish communiti 123 the index which incorpor standard electrofish littor area experiment gill net limnet bottomdwel speci has been use determin residenti fish communiti respons various anthropogen impact southeastern reservoirsth sfi multimetr index design address qualiti fisheri individu resid sport fish speci particular lake reservoir 4 the sfi incorpor measur fish popul aspect angler catch pressur estim this paper propos 70 maximum rfai score 10 abov averag sfi score individu speci screen endpoint balanc indigen popul bip advers environment impact aei endpoint indic indic 1 communiti popul obvious balanc indigen popul bip indic advers environment impact aei screen out 2 communiti popul consid potenti impact 3 where resid fish communiti popul should consid advers impact suggest also made concern how examin individu metric score can help determin sourc caus impact

Gary D. Hickman

Mary L. Brown

Proposed Methods and Endpoints for Defining and Assessing Adverse Environmental Impact (AEI) on Fish Communities/Populations in Tennessee River Reservoirs

this paper develop compar framework polici propos involv fish protect section 316 clean water act cwa section 316 address imping entrain fish coolingwat intak structur use princip steam electr power plant the framework motiv examin role advers environment impact aeis context section 316 decis make aei mention section 316 defin while various aei option have been propos over year none has been formal through environment regul nor univers accept using multipl valu approach from decis analysi aeis character measur criteria ecolog impact criteria evalu aei option identifi includ model assess issu character ecolog valu regulatori implement treatment uncertainti motiv difficulti defin aei onc all framework introduc compar option 316 decis make three simplifi polici option consid each differ implicit explicit aei approach 1 technologydriven rule base strict read 316 regulatori text which ani imping entrain count aei 2 complementari openend riskassess process estim popul effect aei character sitespecif basi 3 intermedi posit base proxi measur special construct definit littor zone sensit habitat water bodi type the first two propos correspond rough respons provid respect riverkeep environment organ utiliti water act group environment protect agenci epa propos 316 new facil rule august 2000 third exampl simplifi form epa propos august 2000 new facil rule itself the simplifi polici posit compar use three dimens compar polici framework 1 role cwa philosophi vision use technologyforc rule 2 regulatori polici implement 3 role scientif inform knowledg base strength weak all three 316 polici approach identifi the epa final new facil rule novemb 2001 briefli character use compar polici framework use further illustr approach

John Kadvany

Comparing Clean Water Act Section 316(b) Policy Options

equival loss model encompass varieti life tablebas approach can use convert age life stagespecif estim entrain imping loss common easili understood currenc this common currenc can express term number individu yield fisheri biomass ecosystem these model have least two key use section 316 assess process screen advers environment impact aei determin environment benefit associ intak altern this paper review various form equival loss model data input requir assumpt limit addit describ how model can use secondlevel screen tool part assess potenti aei given relat simplic eas use equival loss model should prove import tool arsenal impact assess method section 316

William Dey

Use of Equivalent Loss Models Under Section 316(b) of the Clean Water Act

initial regul cool water intak under 316 extrem conserv due rapid increas predict generat capac uncertainti associ our knowledg effect entrain imping the uncertainti aros from four main sourc estim direct plant effect understand popul regulatori process measur popul paramet predict futur condit over last quartercenturi uncertainti from first three sourc has been substanti reduc analyt techniqu exist deal fourth addit dire predict initi made some water bodi have been realiz demonstr popul can success withstand power plant impact this reduc uncertainti has result less conserv regul some all venu new york appear take more conserv approach cool water intak the conserv approach base regul philosophi power plant mortal illegitim use aquat resourc this philosophi may simplifi permit decis doe further develop sciencebas definit advers environment impact

John R. Young

Uncertainty and Conservatism in Assessing Environmental Impact under &#x00A7;316(b): Lessons from the Hudson River Case

studi determin effect entrain diablo canyon power plant dcpp conduct between 1996 1999 requir under section 316 clean water act the goal studi present environment protect agenci epa central coast region water qualiti control board ccrwqcb result could use determin ani advers environment impact aeis were caus oper plant coolingwat intak structur cwis end chose under guidanc ccrwqcb entrain technic work group uniqu approach combin three differ model estim power plant effect fecund hindcast adult equival loss ael empir transport model etm comparison result from three approach provid relat measur confid our estim effect total 14 target larval fish taxa were assess part dcpp 316 exampl result present here kelp gopher blackandyellow kgb rockfish complex clinid kelpfish estimat larval entrain loss kgb rockfish were close agreement approxim equal 550 adult femal per year ael approxim equal 1000 adult male femal per year etm larval mortal high 5 which could interpret 2600 1 adult fish the similar result from three model provid confid estim effect group due lack life histori inform need parameter ael model effect clinid kelpfish could onli assess use etm model result from model plus ancillari inform about local popul adult kelpfish suggest cwis might caus aei vicin dcpp

C.P. Ehrler

J.R. Steinbeck

E.A. Laman

J.B. Hedgepeth

J.R. Skalski

D.L. Mayer

A Process for Evaluating Adverse Environmental Impacts by Cooling-Water System Entrainment at a California Power Plant

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