Potential Application of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Table 2
Examples of human clinical trials (randomized controlled trials) that have demonstrated that probiotics improve inflammatory bowel diseases including Crohn’s Disease (CD), Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Pouchitis (PCH) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC).
Disease
Results
Probiotic
Reference
CD
Relapse in 6% of patients supplemented with probiotic strain versus 38% with conventional treatment only
Median pediatric CD activity index scores at 4 weeks were 73% lower than baseline and intestinal permeability improved in an almost parallel fashion. The number of specific antibody secreting cells in the IgA class to -lactoglobulin increased significantly from 0.2 (0.04–1.3) to 1.4 (0.3–6.0)/106 cells and to casein from 0.3 (0.1–1.4) to 1.0 (0.2–4.8)/106 cells.
Alleviation of IBS symptoms and normalization of the ratio of an antiinflammatory to a proinflammatory cytokines in patients receiving probiotic strain versus placebo group
Relapse in 20% of patients in probiotic group versus 93% in the placebo group. The probiotic impeded the activation of NF-B, decreased the expressions of TNF- and IL-1 and increased the expression of IL-10
The total symptom score (abdominal pain + distension + flatulence + borborygmi) was reduced 42% in the probiotic group compared with 6% in the placebo group
L.rhamnosus GG, L.rhamnosus Lc705, P. freudenreichii spp shermanii JS, B. breve Bb99
The probiotic + prebiotic treatment was associated with significant reductions in 3 subsyndromic factors of IBS: general ill feelings/nausea, indigestion/flatulence, and colitis
The probiotic mixture was effective in maintaining antibiotic introduced remission for at least a year in patients with recurrent or refractory pouchitis (85%) versus 6% in the placebo group
VSL#3 (probiotic preparation containing 3 B., 4.L and 1 St. strains)
10% of patients treated with probiotics had an episode of acute pouchitis compared with 40% treated with placebo. Treatment with probiotic improved Inflammatory bowel disease Questionnaire score versus placebo