Gastroprotective Efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 in Indomethacin-Induced Gastropathy: Other Potential Mechanisms

Table 1

Effect of 40, 200, and 400 mg/kg coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10-40, -200, and -400; p.o.) as well as 3, 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg pantoprazole (PANTO-3, -10, -20, and -30; p.o.) on ulcer number, ulcer index, and gastric mucosal nitric oxide (NO) content in indomethacin- (INDO-; 20 mg/kg, i.p.) induced gastric injury.

Groups	Parameters
	Ulcer number	Ulcer index	Gastric mucosal NO
	(Median (minimum-maximum))	(mm)	(μM/g tissue)
CONT (vehicle)	0.0 (0-0)	0.0±0.00	894.9±31.05
INDO	8.0* (5-10)	11.3^*@±1.17	704.8*±24.75
PANTO-3	4.5^*• (3-6)	6.3^*@#•±0.42	807.9^*@±27.36
PANTO-10	3.5* (3-4)	5.2^*@#•±0.40	829.3^@±29.18
PANTO-20	2.5^@ (2-3)	2.7^*@•±0.33	871.2^@±20.34
PANTO-30	0.0^@ (0-1)	0.1^*@±0.09	893.8^@±31.12
CoQ10-40	6.0^*‡ (5-7)	7.2^*@†‡±0.48	754.4±28.20
CoQ10-200	3.0^@ (2-4)	3.3^*@‡±0.33	817.7^@±26.58
CoQ10-400	1.0^@ (1-2)	1.00^*@±0.09	831.0^@±18.84

For ulcer number, values are median of 6–9 rats and statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test (nonparametric ANOVA) followed by Dunn’s Multiple Comparisons Test, 𝑃<0.05. For ulcer index and gastric mucosal NO, values are means ± S.E.M. of 6–9 rats; comparisons were carried out using one-way ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls Multiple Comparisons Test, 𝑃<0.05. As compared to control (CONT) (*), INDO (^@), PANTO-20 (^#), PANTO-30 (^•), CoQ10-200 (^†), and CoQ10-400 (^‡).