Neighborhood Social Capital, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Change of Neighborhood as Predictors of School Readiness

Table 4

Predicting cognitive outcomes at age 5 using neighbourhood variables and child- and family-level variables.

	Vocabulary PPVT-R		Overall who am I?		Copying who am I?		Symbols who am I?		Number knowledge
	Coef.	𝑃	Coef.	𝑃	Coef.	𝑃	Coef.	𝑃	Coef.	Odds ratio	𝑃
Age in months at Cyc 5 interview		n/a	0.533	0.000	0.231	0.000	0.303	0.000	0.096	1.100	0.000
Aggregated neighbours score	0.876	0.001	0.116	0.189	0.047	0.301	0.070	0.210	0.044	1.045	0.339
Aggregated safety score	0.652	0.166	−0.147	0.273	−0.137	0.043	−0.010	0.910	0.102	1.108	0.145
Ever in a poor neighbourhood	−4.303	0.008	0.460	0.329	0.259	0.339	0.201	0.467	0.032	1.032	0.898
CSD for Census profile data	0.803	0.545	0.110	0.759	0.001	0.996	0.109	0.653	0.013	1.014	0.951
2001 census prop stayed past 5 yrs	5.985	0.070	−0.061	0.949	0.233	0.628	−0.294	0.621	−0.167	0.846	0.736
2001 Census median income	0.051	0.325	0.029	0.058	0.021	0.011	0.008	0.383	0.003	1.003	0.758
Province (ref: Ontario)
Maritimes	−0.016	0.990	−0.467	0.194	−0.046	0.788	−0.421	0.063	−0.307	0.735	0.046
Quebec	−6.457	0.006	−2.182	0.000	−0.057	0.734	−2.125	0.000	−0.573	0.564	0.000
Prairies	0.380	0.698	−1.572	0.000	−0.258	0.128	−1.314	0.000	−0.180	0.836	0.275
BC	2.017	0.206	−0.819	0.033	0.034	0.867	−0.854	0.000	−0.169	0.845	0.373
Female	1.465	0.029	2.405	0.000	0.830	0.000	1.576	0.000	0.107	1.113	0.322
Visible Minorities (ref: Other)
Black	−6.999	0.003	−0.187	0.860	−0.331	0.531	0.144	0.817	−0.781	0.458	0.085
Chinese	−1.447	0.691	2.847	0.009	1.354	0.001	1.493	0.061	0.606	1.833	0.250
Native/Aboriginal	−4.823	0.159	−0.461	0.566	−0.139	0.758	−0.322	0.531	−0.087	0.498	0.103
South Asian	−8.116	0.003	2.072	0.004	0.890	0.018	1.181	0.010	−0.696	1.210	0.590
Francophone outside Quebec	−13.273	0.000	−1.103	0.035	−0.142	0.540	−0.961	0.024	−0.543	0.581	0.182
PMK mother tongue not English not French	−2.543	0.085	0.553	0.163	0.246	0.235	0.307	0.223	−0.087	0.916	0.685
PMK born outside Canada	−2.971	0.024	0.303	0.425	0.088	0.653	0.215	0.374	−0.171	0.843	0.368
PMK has post 2ndary education	3.168	0.000	0.560	0.021	0.261	0.030	0.298	0.048	0.300	1.350	0.010
Biological mother 15–24 at child birth	−3.561	0.002	−0.861	0.017	−0.367	0.053	−0.493	0.023	−0.620	0.538	0.000
Biological mother 25–29 at child birth	−1.964	0.015	−0.489	0.054	−0.207	0.120	−0.281	0.068	−0.173	0.841	0.137
one parent at cycle 5	−1.801	0.169	−0.039	0.930	0.274	0.231	−0.313	0.237	0.001	1.001	0.996
stepfamily at cycle 5	1.056	0.337	−0.447	0.219	−0.112	0.589	−0.335	0.121	−0.257	0.773	0.143
one child older at cycle 5	−2.816	0.000	−0.321	0.237	0.045	0.751	−0.366	0.029	0.058	1.060	0.661
Several kids older at cycle 5	−6.301	0.000	−0.974	0.002	−0.127	0.429	−0.847	0.000	−0.309	0.734	0.084
none younger at cycle 5	0.794	0.294	0.232	0.361	−0.036	0.778	0.268	0.095	−0.014	0.986	0.912
Count of occasions child below lico	−1.481	0.015	−0.396	0.044	−0.206	0.038	−0.190	0.116	0.036	1.036	0.710
Recoded household income	−0.034	0.947	0.235	0.175	0.140	0.086	0.095	0.400	0.021	1.022	0.815
Size of settlement (ref: over 500 K)
Rural area	−2.864	0.108	−0.503	0.267	−0.008	0.974	−0.495	0.095	−0.085	0.918	0.744
Urban under 30 K	−3.539	0.037	−0.886	0.055	−0.210	0.406	−0.676	0.022	−0.293	0.746	0.207
Urban from 30 K to 100 K	−1.865	0.134	−0.635	0.086	0.081	0.660	−0.716	0.003	−0.155	0.856	0.505
Urban form 100 K to 500 K	−0.611	0.587	−0.535	0.117	−0.121	0.500	−0.414	0.036	−0.032	0.968	0.838
Language test French	6.269	0.007
Intercept	90.991	0.000	−8.887	0.002	−2.187	0.188	−6.700	0.000	−6.283	0.002	0.000

Followup of one-year olds to age 5 from 1998-99 to 2002-3.
NLSCY data with longitudinal weights,  OLS Regressons with bootstrap weights,  Odds ratios from binary logistic regresson with bootstrap weights.