Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle in Embu and Kajiado Counties, Kenya

Table 3

Distribution of farm management practices and cow factors associated with mastitis in 395 dairy cows in Kajiado and Embu counties.

Variable	Group description	Mastitis positive cases (%)
(1) County	Kajiado (n = 206)	144 (49)
	Embu (n = 189)	150 (51)
(2) Production system	Semi-intensive (n = 73)	48 (16.3)
	Intensive (n = 322)	246 (83.7)
(3) Housed with a roof	Yes (n = 388)	290 (98.6)
	No (n = 7)	4 (1.4)
(4) Floor type	Concrete (n = 305)	224 (76.2)
	Earthen (n = 90)	70 (23.8)
(5) Bedding material	Yes (n = 123)	83 (28.2)
	No (n = 272)	211 (71.8)
(6) Cleaning of floor	Daily (n = 298)	216 (73.5)
	Weekly (n = 97)	78 (26.5)
(7) Milking the cows last	Yes (107)	64 (21.8)
	No (288)	230 (78.2)
(8) Proper milking technique	Yes (387)	7 (2.4)
	No (8)	287 (97.6)
(9) Use of clean udder drying towel	Yes (375)	278 (94.6)
	No (20)	16 (5.4)
(10) Use of clean udder drying towel for each cow	Yes (n = 165)	106 (36.1)
	No (n = 230)	188 (63.9)
(11) Washing hands between milkings	Yes (n = 171)	113 (38.4)
	No (n = 224)	181 (61.6)
(12) Use of teat dips	Yes (n = 52)	31 (10.5)
	No (343)	263 (89.5)
(13) Dry therapy	Yes (94)	66 (22.4)
	No (301)	228 (77.6)
(14) Culling	Yes (n = 77)	55 (18.7)
	No (n = 318)	239 (81.3)
(15) Test for mastitis	Yes (249)	177 (60.2)
	No (146)	117 (39.8)
(16) Breed	Cross (n = 26)	16 (5.4)
	Exotic (n = 369)	278 (94.6)
(17) Parity	1 (n = 102)	68 (23.1)
	2 (n = 99)	75 (25.5)
	3 (n = 94)	72 (24.5)
	>4 (n = 100)	79 (26.9)
(18) Stage of lactation	Early (1-2 months) (n = 106)	85 (28.9)
	Mid (3–6 months) (n = 134)	94 (32)
	Late > 7 months (n = 155)	115 (39.1)
(19) History of mastitis	Yes (n = 237)	167 (56.8)
	No (n = 158)	127 (43.2)