Research Article

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Biofilm Production of Microorganisms Isolated from Oropharynx of Rupornis magnirostris (Gmelin, 1788) and Caracara plancus (Miller, 1777)

Table 2

Resistance profile and biofilm production of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from oropharynx of Rupornis magnirostris and Caracara plancus.

AnimalsBacteria identificationsInhibition zone (mm)Approximation testHodge testResistance profileBiofilm production
CAZCTXCPDATMIMPMEMCongo redCrystal violet

Rupornis magnirostris 1Salmonella spp.SSSSSSNPNPNR+Moderate
Klebsiella oxytocaSSSSSSNPNPNR+Weak
Shigella spp.SSSSSSNPNPNRNonproducer
Proteus mirabilisRRRRNPS+ESBLNonproducer

Rupornis magnirostris 2Klebsiella pneumoniaeSSSSSSNPNPNR+Moderate
Escherichia coliRRRRSS+ESBLNonproducer
Salmonella spp.RRRRSS+Third-generation cephalosporins+Moderate

Rupornis magnirostris 3Salmonella spp.SSSSSSNPNPNR+Moderate
Klebsiella oxytocaRRRRRR+KPC+Moderate
Escherichia coliRRRRRR+KPCNonproducer

Rupornis magnirostris 4Escherichia coliSSSSSSNPNPNRNonproducer
Salmonella spp.SSSSSSNPNPNR+Moderate
Proteus mirabilisSSSSNPSNPNPNRNonproducer

Rupornis magnirostris 5Salmonella spp.SSSSSSNPNPNR+Moderate
Klebsiella pneumoniaeSSSSSSNPNPNR+Moderate
Proteus mirabilisRRRRNPS+ESBLNonproducer

Rupornis magnirostris 6Shigella spp.RRRRSS+ESBL+Moderate
Salmonella spp.RRRRSS+Third-generation cephalosporins+Moderate
Escherichia coliRRRRSS+ESBL+Moderate

Caracara plancus 2Salmonella spp.RRRRSS+Third-generation cephalosporins+Moderate
Escherichia coliSSSSSSNPNPNRNonproducer

Caracara plancus 4Klebsiella oxytocaRRRRSS+ESBLNonproducer
Klebsiella pneumoniaeRRRRSS+ESBL+Weak
Proteus mirabilisSSSSNPSNPNPNR+Weak

Caracara plancus 5Shigella spp.SSSSSSNPNPNRNonproducer
Escherichia coliRRRRSS+ESBLNonproducer
Klebsiella oxytocaSSSSSSNPNPNR+Weak

S: sensible; R: resistant; NR: no resistance; NP: not performed; CAZ: ceftazidime; CTX: cefoxitin; CPD: cefpodoxime; ATM: aztreonam; IMP: imipenem; MEM: meropenem; ESBL: extended-spectrum β-lactamase-(ESBL-) producing Enterobacteriaceae; and KPC: Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase.