Conventional Echocardiography and Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Healthy Sevoflurane-Anesthetized Dogs Undergoing Continuous Rate Infusion of Nalbuphine
Table 2
Mean ± standard deviation of echocardiographic variables reflecting left ventricular systolic function obtained through two-dimensional speckle tracking in 18 bitches anesthetized with sevoflurane and undergoing continuous rate infusion of nalbuphine (GN) or saline (GC) over 80 minutes of observation.
Variable
Group
Time (minutes)
Baseline
20
40
60
80
GCS (%)
GN
−19.8 ± 6.8
−21.2 ± 3.9
−22.4 ± 5.9
−20.2 ± 5.3
−21.3 ± 4.4
GC
−19.5 ± 3.7
−21.1 ± 5.3
−21.4 ± 4.3
−20.7 ± 4.3
−20.8 ± 4.0
GCSSR (s−1)
GN
−1.0 ± 0.7
−1.8 ± 0.5
−1.9 ± 0.7
−1.6 ± 0.6
−1.8 ± 0.6
GC
−1.7 ± 0.4
−1.7 ± 0.5
−1.8 ± 0.4
−1.7 ± 0.4
−1.7 ± 0.3
GRS (%)
GN
23.9 ± 6.3
24.1 ± 6.5
27.8 ± 5.8
24.7 ± 6.8
27.0 ± 7.5
GC
22.5 ± 6.6
30.1 ± 6.2
28.7 ± 7.1
30.6 ± 7.0
26.2 ± 6.1
GRSSR (s−1)
GN
1.4 ± 0.4
1.4 ± 0.2
1.8 ± 0.5
1.6 ± 0.4
1.6 ± 0.5
GC
1.6 ± 0.3
2.0 ± 0.5
1.8 ± 0.5
1.9 ± 0.4
1.6 ± 0.4
GLS (%)
GN
−12.2 ± 2.1
−13.5 ± 1.8
−13.7 ± 2.6
−13.3 ± 2.7
−13.4 ± 2.1
GC
−14.4 ± 3.2
−14.0 ± 2.3
−15.6 ± 1.8
−15.1 ± 2.0
−14.8 ± 2.2
GLSSR (s−1)
GN
−1.0 ± 0.2
−1.1 ± 0.2
−1.1 ± 0.2
−1.0 ± 0.2
−1.1 ± 0.2
GC
−1.3 ± 0.3
−1.1 ± 0.1
−1.3 ± 0.2
−1.1 ± 0.1
−1.2 ± 0.2
Variables do not differ according to ANOVA (). GCS, global circumferential strain; GCSSR, global circumferential systolic strain rate; GLS, global longitudinal strain; GLSSR, global longitudinal systolic strain rate; GRS, global radial strain; GRSSR, global radial systolic strain rate.
